氯沙坦和卡托普利对兔动脉粥样斑块形成的影响

目的：研究血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体拮抗剂氯沙坦和血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂卡托普利对兔动脉粥样硬化斑块形成的干预作用。方法：31只雄性新西兰兔分为正常对照组（4只）、高胆固醇组（7只）、氯沙坦组（6只）、卡托普利组（7只）和联合用药（氯沙坦 卡托普利）组（7只），饲养16周处死动物，分别测定（或计算）内皮素、一氧化氮、主动脉中胆固醇含量、主动脉粥样斑块面积比及血管平滑肌细胞（vascular smooth muscle cells,VSMC）调亡率等指标。结果：与高胆固醇组比较，各服药组动态粥样斑块面积和主动脉胆固醇含量显著减少，以联合用药组疗效最佳，内皮素水平下降，一氧化氮含量增加；氯沙坦组及联合用药组VSMC调亡率增加。结论：氯沙坦和卡托普利可显著延缓高胆固醇饮食诱导的动脉粥样硬化进程，其作用机制与促进VSMC凋亡和内皮功能保护有关；小剂量联合用药疗效更佳。

Effect of losartan and captopril on development of aortic atherosclerosis plague in rabbits

Objective: To study the attenuating effect of angiotensin I type 1 receptor antagonist losartan and an-giotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril on aortic atherosclerosis in rabbits. Methods: Thirty-one male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups:control group,high cholesterol diet group,losartan group, captopril group and combined drug administration groupdosartan+captopril). The animals were killed after 16 weeks and the serum total cholesterol ,triglyceride, high and low density cholesterol .atherosclertic ratio,endothelin,NO,plaque area percentage,aortic cholesterol content and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) apoptosis were determined. Results:The plaque area percentage,aortic cholesterol contents and endothelin levels of 3 drug treatment groups were significantly lower than that of high cholesterol group,NO contents and VSMC apoptosis were significantly higher. Conclusion:Losartan and captopril can attenuate aortic atherosclerosis induced by high cholesterol diet .combined administration of the 2 drugs at low doses are more effective. The mechanism may be related to the protection of endothelial function and the effect on apoptosis of VSMC.