前苏联社会主义观的历史演变

马克思、恩格斯预测的社会主义是“资本主义后”的社会主义 ,而现实世界的社会主义是“资本主义前”的社会主义。列宁前期的社会主义观基本上是马恩“资本主义后”的社会主义观 ,经过实践后调整为以马克思主义基本原理为指导 ,结合俄国实际的新社会主义观 ;斯大林回到了马恩“资本主义后”的社会主义观上 ,经过实践后形成苏联模式 ,强行推广到其他社会主义国家 ,导致社会主义观在理论上的混乱 ,实践中的变形 ;戈尔巴乔夫顺袭苏联模式 ,经过实践碰壁后转向民主社会主义 ,最终导致东欧剧变、苏联解体。实践证明 :马克思主义是基本原理 ,不能抛弃 ,抛弃了会导致社会主义的失败 ;但马克思主义是方向 ,不是教条 ,马克思主义需要结合本国实际发展才能获得鲜活的生命力 ,社会主义才会获得胜利

The Change of Socialist Viewpoint in Former Soviet

According to Marx and Engles, socialism must come after capitalism, but the socialism in the real world is one before capitalism. A new socialist viewpoint, appeared at the early stage of Lenin's rule, was almost what Marx had predicted, which was under the guidance of Marxism and fit for Russia's reality. Sidalin formed a Soviet pattern socialism and tried to impose it on other countries, but it confused and even deformed socialism. Gorbachev followed Sidalin's pattern but turned to democratic socialism after meeting many troubles, what he did led to the drastic change of East Europe and the dissolution of the former Soviet. It has been proved that the abandon of Marxism will result in the failure of socialism. Maxism is direction not dogma, and its vigor lies in relating it with each nation's reality. Only in this way can socialism win.