120指挥信息系统在"5·12"汶川地震中的作用及其完善

目的 探讨120指挥信息系统在"5·12"汶川大地震中实施紧急医疗救援的作用.方法 对成都市急救指挥中(以下简称中心)120指挥信息系统应对大震灾的各项功能进行分析.结果 里氏8.0级大地震发生58 s后,中心120指挥大厅短时间内拥入大量呼救电话(约为平时的3倍),立即启动120指挥信息系统各项功能,开通8个预备接警台,利用有线、无线数字集群系统实施调派,利用数据库随时掌握救治信息,利用LED、路面监控系统、GIS、GPS直观的跟踪和显示车辆、伤员信息;12个接警台当天处置呼救电话6479个,58 h处置呼救电话14 749个.在地震发生后的前58 h,指挥信息系统紧急调派救护车1184台次,医疗队705支、医务人员3 000多人到重灾区救援,现场抢救和转运伤员6000多人.以后20 d,调派244家医院、救护车2526台次,在5个机场、火车站和紫坪铺水库接收全省伤员1518名、转运省外治疗2151名.结论 120指挥通信手段配置和应急指挥调派应多样化、指挥信息系统建设要"平战结合、科学合理、留有余地"不断提高完善,才能在突发性特大灾害发生时,保证120生命线的畅通.

Approach to improving the function of 120 command information system during the Wenchuan Earthquake

Objective To explore the function of 120 command information systems for emergency medical rescue in the 5· 12 Wenchuan Earthquake. Method To analyze various functions of Chengdu 120 command center information systems during the disaster resulted from the catastrophic earthquakes. Results As soon as 38 minutes after the Wenchuan earthquake with the magnitude of 8 (measured 8 on the Richter scale) happened at 14:28:04,calls flooded the Chengdu 120 center for help as many as 3-4 times the usual in a brief period. Immediately , the center opened 8 spare Alarm Reception stations, launching all sorts of function of both wire and wireless digital trucking systems,keeping track of database information, taking LED, road monitoring system, GIS, GPS for visual tracking and displaying vehicles and the messages about casualties. They received 6479 SOS calls and 14 749 calls within 58 hours.The first 58 hours after the earthquake happened, 120 center had dispatched ambulances 1184 time and sents 705 medical teams of more than 3000 medical staff for relief to hardest quake-hit region , which more than 6000 casualties were rescued and transported. The following 20 days, assigned 244 hospitals, 2526 rescuer vehicles at 5 airports, railway stations and Zipinpu Reservoir to pick up the injuries of 1518 persons and transfer 2151 persons to other province for medical treatment. Conclusions The 120 communication modalities and command development should be diversified and the command information systems construction should meet both peacetime and wartime needs with gradual, scienlifical, reasonable and flexible improvements. Provided that those improvements are well done,we shall ensure 120-lifeline going smoothly just in case the disasters occurs.