承德地区儿童过敏性鼻炎过敏原检测分析

目的 了解承德地区过敏性鼻炎患儿过敏原种类,筛选相关过敏原,为儿童过敏性鼻炎的防治提供科学依据.方法 630例过敏性鼻炎患儿分为婴幼儿组、学龄前儿童组、学龄儿童组3组,采用过敏原特异性抗体IgE检测试剂盒,检测患儿血清中总IgE和过敏原特异性IgE（slgE）浓度.结果 所有患儿血清总IgE阳性率为78.89%.特异性IgE检测,吸入组学龄前儿童和学龄儿童组都高于婴幼儿组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,食入组婴幼儿组高于学龄前儿童组和学龄儿童组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.男、女性患病率差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.多数患儿对两种或两种以上过敏原阳性,阳性率75.56%.结论 户尘螨、春季花粉组合、夏秋季花粉组合是承德地区3～14岁患儿主要吸入性过敏原,3岁以下婴幼儿以食入性过敏原为主.明确过敏原,减少过敏原的接触,对防治过敏性疾病具有重要的临床意义和指导作用.

Detection analysis of allergens in children with allergic rhinitis in Chengde district.

Objective To understand the Allergen types on children with allergic rhinitis in Chengde regions and filter allergens in order to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis in children patients. Methods 630 children with allergic rhinitis are di vided into groups of infants, preschool children group, school age group. The serum allergen specific IgE and the concentration of IgE （slgE） were detected by using the allergen specific IgE antibody test kit. Results The positive rate of serum IgE in all children is 78.89%. The detec tion ratio of specific IgE detection in pre school and school age children in aspiration groups is higher than that of infant group. A statistical difference is significant （ P 〈 O. 05 ）. The detection ratio of specific IgE detection in infant group and young children of aspiration group is higher than that of preschool children and school age group. A statistical difference is significant （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The majority of children are sensitive to two or more allergens. The positive rate is 75.6%. There is no apparent sexual orientation between men and women. The incidence of this differ ence was not statistically significant （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion Household dust mites, pollen in the spring, summer and fall pollen are the pri mary inhalation allergens in children with 3 - 14 age in Chengde region. The inhalation allergens are the primary allergens in infants under 3 years old. Specific allergens and reducing allergen exposure has important clinical implications and guidance role on prevention of allergic diseases.