珠三角城乡区域学龄儿童家长应对流感健康行为影响因素分析

目的分析佛山市南海区学龄儿童家长对流感防控的健康行为影响因素,为学校疫情防控和重点人群健康教育提供科学依据。方法采用横断面调查研究方法,在南海区全部镇街采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样法抽取44所学校共4430名家长进行自填匿名问卷调查。结果23.41%调查对象反映其孩子曾患流感;孩子出现流感症状时,家长自行买药治疗、消毒玩具餐具、勤开窗通风以及密切观察孩子身体状态差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);日常防控流感健康行为方面,避免接触患儿、看护人注意手卫生、消毒玩具餐具、勤开窗通风、流行期间避免前往公共场所、接种流感疫苗一年接种一次差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素分析显示:毗邻广州市、勤开窗通风、流感流行期间避免带孩子去公共场所和家长学历与孩子发生流感呈负相关。孩子就读于初中与孩子发生流感呈正向关。结论毗邻广州、勤开窗通风和流感流行期间避免带孩子去公共场所是降低孩子发生流感的保护因素,家长学历越高孩子患流感风险越低,就读初中的学生相比幼儿园的患病风险上升1.341倍;建议针对非毗邻广州地区、低学历家长和就读初中的学生提供应对流感健康行为的干预。

Analysis on the Factors Influencing Parents’Health Behaviours against Influenza for School-aged Children in the Pearl River Delta

OBJECTIVE To analyze factors influencing parents’health behaviours against influenza for school-aged children in the Pearl River Delta,aiming to provide evidence for prevention and control of school-wide influenza outbreaks and health education on key populations.METHODS A cross-sectional study was implemented in this study.A total of 4430 parents from 44 schools covering all towns in the Nanhai District were selected by multi-stage stratified random sampling for an anonymous questionnaire.RESULTS23.41%participants reported that their children had had influenza.There was statistical significance(P<0.05)between children not having influenza and parents purchasing medications by own self,disinfecting toys and tableware,keeping the windows open for ventilation,and paying close attention to the child’s symptoms.In terms of general health behaviours against influenza,there was statistical significance(P<0.05)between children not having influenza and parents avoiding close contact with sick children,caregivers performing hand hygiene,parents disinfecting toys and tableware,keeping the windows open for ventilation,keeping the child away from public places during influenza seasons,and getting the child annual influenza vaccine.The multivariable analysis shows that children having influenza is negatively associated with the following factors:living adjacent to Guangzhou,keeping the windows open for ventilation,keeping the child away from public places during influenza seasons,and parents’highest level of education.The child attending junior high school has a positive association with him/her getting influenza.CONCLUSION Living adjacent to Guangzhou,keeping the windows open for ventilation,and keeping the child away from public places during influenza seasons are protective factors for children to have an lower risk for developing influenza.The higher the level of the parents’highest education was,the lower the risk of their own children developing influenza would be.Children attending junior high school have 1.341 times the risk of developing influenza compared to children attending kindergarten.It is suggested that interventions on health behaviours against influenza should be targeted at junior high school students with parents having low education levels and not living adjacent to Guangzhou.