学术压力、自我效能和乐观对博士生自杀意念的影响

目的:考察学术压力对博士生自杀意念的影响机制。方法:通过随机抽样法对武汉市4所高校博士生进行问卷调查,获得375份有效数据。结果:学术压力对高年级博士生自杀意念有显著的直接影响。低自我效能博士生最消沉、最抑郁时的自杀意念表现出随学术压力增加而上升的趋势,低乐观博士生近一周自杀意念也呈同样趋势。学术压力通过自我效能与乐观的链式中介间接影响低年级博士生自杀意念,其中,乐观是影响博士生自杀意念的近端前因。结论:学术压力对博士生自杀意念的影响存在直接和间接效应。

Impacts of Academic Stress,Self-efficacy and Optimism on Suicide Ideation of Doctoral Students

Objective: To explore the mechanisms underlying the relationship between academic stress and suicide ideation of doctoral students.Methods: 375 doctoral students from four universities in Wuhan city were randomly investigated with questionnaires.Results: Academic stress directly and positively predicted the suicide ideation of doctoral students at higher grade.For students in lower level of self-efficacy,the more severe academic stress was reported,the higher degree of suicide ideation was detected at deepest depression time,a similar relationship was also found between academic stress and suicide ideation in the current week for students in lower level of optimism.The relationship between academic stress and suicide ideation of students at lower grade was mediated by the mediator chain consisting of two mediators(i.e.,self-efficacy and optimism,the former predicted the latter),among the antecedents of suicide ideation optimism played a proximal role.Conclusion: Academic stress impacts suicide ideation of doctoral students in both direct and indirect ways.