丽江市家犬中致病性耶尔森菌流行病学调查

目的 了解丽江市鼠疫疫源地内家犬中携带致病性耶尔森菌的流行情况及其病原学特征。方法 选择丽江市古城区和玉龙县各2个乡镇,逐户采集犬肛拭子及血液标本。肛拭子经4 ℃冷增菌后,采用耶尔森选择培养基对小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌、鼠疫耶尔森菌和假结核耶尔森菌三种致病性耶尔森菌进行分离;对所分菌株再进行生化鉴定、生物分型、血清分型和毒力基因型检测;对血液标本进行鼠疫F1抗体的检测。结果 共采集467份肛拭子,分离到4株小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌,未分离到鼠疫耶尔森菌及假结核耶尔森菌;4株小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌中,2株为O∶3血清型和非1A生物型,毒力基因齐全为致病株;另2株为1A生物型血清型未定,毒力基因阴性为非致病株;467份血液标本中26份为F1抗体阳性,其中1份阳性标本与1份分离到小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的肛拭子来自同一只家犬。结论 丽江市家犬中携带小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌,且有致病性菌株;此外,在一只家犬中,发现存在着鼠疫耶尔森菌与小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌共感染的现象。

Epidemiological investigation of pathogenic Yersinia from dogs in Lijiang

Objective To understand the prevalence and the etiological characteristics of pathogenic Yersinia in domestic dogs in Yulong County and old town District of Lijiang City. Methods We selected 2 towns separately from Yulong County and old town District of Lijiang City and collected anal swabs and blood samples from dogs. After 4 ℃ incubation of the anal swabs, we planted anal swabs on the selective agar medium for Yersinia to isolate the three kinds of pathogenic Yersinia. The isolated bacteria were analyzed systematically by the biochemistry test, biological classification, serotyping, and virulence genes detection. The blood samples were tested for F1 antibody detection. Results A total of 467 pieces of anal swab specimens were collected; 4 bacterial strains of Yersinia enterocolitica were isolated from these specimens;neither Yersinia pestisn nor Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was isolated. Among of 4 bacterial strains of Yersinia enterocolitica, 2 strains of them are serotype O:3, and non 1A biological type with complete virulence gene, and they were pathogenic strains. The other 2 strains were 1A biological type with no virulence gene and unknown serotype. Of the 467 blood specimens, 26 were positive for F1 antibodies. One of them was from the same dog which a strain of Yersinia enterocolitica was isolated. Conclusion In local area of Lijiang City, some dogs carried Yersinia enterocolitica, among which pathogenic strains were included. In addition, it was found that a co-infection phenomenon of Yersinia pestis and Yersinia enterocolitica existed in a dog.