某核电站职业人群常见健康问题分析及对策

目的 分析某核电站职业人群的健康状况，采取相应的对策，促进其职业健康管理。方法 选取2017年在我院进行健康体检的1 613名某核电站职业人群作为观察组，观察项目包括血常规（白细胞总数、血红蛋白、血小板）、外周血淋巴细胞微核率、染色体畸变分析。选取同期在我院进行体检的516名5年内未接触射线的公务员作为对照组，进行比较分析。结果 血常规（白细胞总数、血红蛋白、血小板）、淋巴细胞微核率、染色体畸变异常率均高于对照组，但均无统计学意义。结论 某核电站职业人群受放射性危害影响较小，但仍需提高核电工作场所职业防护意识，采取有效预防措施。

Analysis and countermeasures of common health problems for professional populaion in nuclear power station

Objective The health status of the occupational population in nuclear power plant was analyzed and corresponding countermeasures were adopted to promote their occupational health management. Methods A total of 1 613 professional staff members of a nuclear power station in our hospital for physical examination in 2017 were selected as the observation group. A total of 516 civil servants who had not been exposed to radiation within 5 years of the physical examination in our hospital were selected as the control group. Observations included blood routine (total white blood cells, hemoglobin, platelets), peripheral blood lymphocyte micronucleus rate, and chromosome aberration analysis. Results The abnormal detection rate of blood routine (the total number of white blood cells, hemoglobin, platelets), lymphocyte micronucleus rate, and chromosomal aberrations in observation group were higher than those in the control group, but there was no significant difference between two groups. Conclusion The occupational population of Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant is less affected by radioactive hazards, but it is still necessary to raise the awareness of occupational protection in nuclear power workplaces and take effective preventive measures.