汶川地震四川灾区医疗卫生服务秩序恢复与基本医疗卫生服务保障

汶川特大地震造成四川省20个市（州）161个县受灾。10243个卫生机构不同程度受损，卫生人员遇难264人。中央和四川省从政策、法规、资金等多方面强力组织灾后恢复重建。灾区各级医疗卫生机构毫无保留地将药品器械和资金投入救灾，免费提供基本医疗卫生服务。灾区医疗卫生服务机构经历了“坝坝医院”、临时急救站、野战医院、帐篷医院、板房医院、维修加固医院和新建医院等逐步更新换代、发展完善的过程。积极协商部队建立了21所野战医院。不能用的医疗机构房屋被拆除，可修复的抓紧修复使用，必要时租用房屋。I临时急救站、野战医院、帐篷医院、板房医院相继建立。全国各地向灾区提供各种支援。灾区34万余名医疗卫生人员立即投入工作。对口支援的医务人员是重灾区因灾减员人数的12倍，且职称较高，经验丰富。各项医疗保障制度恢复，各项规章制度恢复运行。多方筹措经费支持。基本医疗和公共卫生服务基本得到有效保障，实现了大灾之后无大疫。

Restoration of the order in medical and sanitation services and security of primary medical and sanitation services in Wenchuan Earthquake

The Wenchuan Earthquake impacted 161 counties in 20 cities （prefectures）, Sichuan Province. 10, 243 medical and health care institutions were destroyed at different degrees, and 264 medical workers died. The central and provincial governments powerfully organized the post-disastrous recovery and reconstruction in the fields of policy, law and regulation, and funds. The medical institutions in the earthquake- stricken areas have unreservedly thrown their medicine, equipments, and funds into the disaster relief, thus providing primary medical and sanitation services. The medical institutions in the disastrous areas experienced the upgrading from temporary first-aid station, tent hospital, and assembled panel house hospital. Those hospitals unable to be repaired were demolished, those usable were repaired and reinforced as soon as possible, and new hospitals were built too. Twenty-one field hosRitals were set up in cooperation with the army. Assistance in different forms came from different parts of the country. 340 thousand medical workers threw themselves into work immediately after they escaped the danger. The medical workers of different specialties geared to the corresponding specialties numbered 12 times that of the depletion during the earthquake, and most of them were with higher professional titles and rich experience. The different medical security systems were restored and other relevant systems and regulations resumed operation. Every effort was made to collect funds. The primary medical and sanitation services gained effective guarantee. It was ensured that there was no major outbreak of diseases after the major disaster.