腹部爆炸伤后早期脑病理学改变的实验研究

目的：探讨犬腹部爆炸伤后早期脑病理形态学的变化特点。方法：15只犬按伤后不同时相点分为5组，即伤后即刻、3、6、12、24h组，每组各3只动物。致伤犬腹部后，对其脑组织进行大体及光、电镜观察。结果：15只动物中，12只大脑表面出现1-3个点、片状出血灶。伤后即刻，光、电镜主要以小血管的出血改变及部分神经髓鞘的分层为主，未见明显神经元的损伤。伤后6h则可见神经元及神经胶质细胞水肿的表现。伤后24h可见部分水肿组织溶解变性、神经微丝凝固性改变。结论：腹部爆炸伤比一般枪弹伤造成了更加严重的脑间接损伤，且伤后病理改变进展迅速。

Early pathological changes of brain after explosive injury of abdomen in pigs

Objective To explore the characteristics of the early pathological changes of brain in the dogs with abdominal explosive wound. Methods The morphological changes of brain tissue of the dogs were examined with naked eye, light microscope and electron microscope at different time points after explosive injury of the abdomen. Results Small bleeding foci were found by naked eye on the surface of the brain in 12 of 15 animals. Microscopically, bleeding of small vessels and myelin sheath with light demixing were observed in the brain just at the instant after injury. Obvious edema of neurons and glial cells were noticed in the brain 6 h after injury. Degeneration of neurons and nerve fibers, and lysis of some edematous tissue were seen 24 h after injury. Conclusion More serious indirect brain injuries are caused by explosive wound of abdomen rather than gun shot through abdomen. The pathological changes of the brain develop rapidly with the time lasting after injury.