108所农村学校食堂及饮用水现状调查分析

目的为揭示农村学校食堂及学生饮用水安全隐患,健全卫生监督长效机制提供科学依据。方法按食品卫生监督量化评分标准设计检查内容和表格,对平江县108所学校的食堂卫生许可证、健康证持证情况、食堂基础卫生设施,学生饮用水及餐具消毒情况进行检测。结果学校卫生许可证持证率24.3%;有效健康证持证率73.1%;关键监督项目：食堂与污染源距离,三防设施、冷藏设施、专用洗涤池中学与小学分别为83.6%、58.8%;11.9%、11.8%;76.1%、32.3%;74.6%、35.3%;经统计学处理,中学与小学差异有显著性。学生饮用水总合格率57.0%,餐具消毒合格率中学36.4%,小学31.6%。结论关键监督项目达不到卫生要求,学生饮用水合格率低,致使卫生许可证持证率不高,学校存在安全隐患。因此,加强领导与监督管理,完善基础卫生设施,改水、改厕是平江县学校的当务之急。

Survey on Sanitary Status of Canteens and Drinking Water in 108 Rural Area Schools

Objective To investigate the food safety of canteens and sanitary status of drinking water in 108 rural area schools, and to provide the scientific evidences for amplifying long - term mechanisms of health supervision and inspection. Methods Canteen hygiene license, the percentage of health certificate holders, basic sanitary facilities of canteens, and disinfection of drinking water, cooking utensils and tableware in 108 rural area schools of Pingjiang County were surveyed and evaluated according to the content and tables of food hygiene supervision and evaluation standards. Results The holding percentages of hygiene license of schools and valid health certification were 24.3% and 73.1% respectively. The distance between canteen and pollution sources, three kinds of preventive facilities, refrigeration facilities, and special sinks in the middle and primary schools were 83.6%, 58.8% ; 11.9%, 11.8% ; 76.1%, 32.3% ; and 74.6%, 35.3% respectively, and the difference between them was statistically significant. The total eligible rate of drinking water was only 57.0 %. The sterilization eligible rates of cooking utensils and tableware were only 36.4 % and 31.6 % in the middle and primary schools. Conclusions The key items of supervision do not meet the standards of hygiene, and the eligible rate of drinking water and the holding percentage of hygiene license are both low. There are serious sanitary problems in these schools. The results suggest that it is necessary to strengthen health supervision and management, well equip the basic sanitary facilities, improve the quality of drinking water, and renovate water supply system and toilets in the middle and primary schools of Pingjiang County.