精神病超高危人群社会功能的影响因素研究

目的 研究精神病超高危人群临床特征、认知功能、未治时间和社会功能的关系。方法 对49名精神病超高危人群被试进行了临床信息、认知功能、未治时间和社会功能的数据采集和评估，并对相关信息进行了分析。结果 患者的社会功能与年龄、发病年龄、受教育年限和未治时间（duration of untreated psychosis，DUP）相关性差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；与临床症状精神病高危症状量表（Scale of Psychosis-risk Symptoms，SOPS）总分和阴性症状分呈负相关（r=-0.357，P<0.05；r=-0.348，P<0.05）；与认知功能中的连线测验表现呈负相关（r=-0.32，P<0.05）；与简易视觉记忆测验、Stroop测验和持续操作测验表现呈正相关（r=0.324，P<0.05；r=0.295，P<0.05；r=0.407，P=0.000）。使用逐步回归得到最优线性模型（R²=0.231，F=13.491，P=0.001），其中持续操作测验与社会功能呈线性关系（非标准回归系数B=6.046，95%CI：-0.681~0.494，P=0.001），其余因素与社会功能的线性关系不显著（P>0.05）。结论 患者的临床症状、认知功能与社会功能关系密切，对制定精神病超高危人群的干预策略有一定的参考作用。

Factors influencing social function in patients at ultra-high risk of psychosis

Objective To study the relationship between the clinical features, cognitive function, duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), and social function of patients at ultra-high risk of psychosis. Methods The data about clinical information, cognitive function, DUP, and social function of 49 patients were collected and analyzed. Results There was no significant correlation between social function and age, age of onset, education years and DUP (P>0.05). The social function showed a significant negative correlation with total scores of Scale of Psychosis-risk Symptoms (SOPS) and negative symptoms scores (r=-0.357, P<0.05; r=-0.348, P<0.05); It also showed a significant negative correlation with trail making test A (r=-0.32, P<0.05), a positive correlation with the simple visual memory test, the Stroop test and the continuous performance test (CPT) (r=0.324, P<0.05; r=0.295, P<0.05; r=0.407, P=0.000). An optimal linear model was developed by using the stepwise regression (R²=0.231, F=13.491, P=0.001). The relationship between social function and CPT was linear (unstandardized coefficients B=6.046, 95%CI:-0.681-0.494, P=0.001), whereas other factors did not show significant linear relationship with social function (P>0.05). Conclusion The patients' clinical symptoms and cognitive function are closely related with social function, which could be as reference for intervention strategies for ultra-high risk group.