急诊床旁经胸超声心动图诊断自发性心包填塞

目的探讨急诊床旁经胸超声心动图诊断自发性心包填塞的价值。方法自2000年1月至2005年8月,对本心脏中心24例经临床证实的心包填塞患者进行急诊床旁经胸超声心动图检查。结果急诊床旁经胸超声心动图正确检出24例心包填塞,无假阴性,敏感性100%,1例假阳性,特异性96%。其中恶性肿瘤侵犯心包7例,结核6例,急性夹层破裂5例,急性心肌梗死4例,白血病1例,甲状腺功能减低1例。结论急诊床旁经胸超声心动图能以床旁方式快速、安全、准确诊断心包填塞,为治疗决策提供重要的诊断信息。

Bedside emergency transthoracic echocardiography in diagnosis of self-induced cardiac tamponade

Objective To investigate the role of bedside emergency transthoracic echocardiography in the diagnosis of self-induced cardiac tamponade. Methods From Jan 2000 to Aug 2005, 24 cardiac tamponade patients confirmed by clinical pericardiocentesis underwent bedside emergency transthoracic echocardiography in our cardiovascular center. Results Bedside emergency transthoracic echocardiography correctly identified 24 patients without false negative (sensitivity 100%) and with one false positive (specificity 96%). The causes of pericardial effusion were neoplasms (7), tuberculosis (6), acute aorta rupture (5), acute myocardium infarction (4), leucocythemia (1) and hypothyroidism (1). Conclusion Bedside emergency transthoracic echocardiography allows a bedside, rapid, safe and accurate diagnosis of cardiac tamponade and provides diagnostic information necessary for making the therapeutical decision.