Assessment of the therapeutic activity of a combination of almitrine and raubasine on functional rehabilitation following ischaemic stroke

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Stroke is a major cause of disability. Certain experimental studies have suggested that a combination of almitrine + raubasine (Duxil) increases the supply of oxygen to cerebral tissues and may be beneficial in post-stroke rehabilitation. This multicentre clinical study was carried out in order to assess the efficacy of this combination on poststroke rehabilitation. METHODS: The trial was a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients that had experienced an ischaemic cerebrovascular accident (confirmed by CT scan) were included 4-6 weeks after the acute onset and received randomised treatment of either almitrine + raubasine or placebo 2 tablets daily for 3 months. Before treatment, there was a 2-week washout period for stopping all other drugs, except for antihypertensive and antidiabetic drugs. We assessed the patients by Barthel Index (BI), Neurological Functional Deficit Scores (NFDS), and Hasagawa Dementia Scales (HDS) each month after treatment. RESULTS: A total of 83 patients were entered into the study and data were available for 74. Of these, 38 patients received almitrine + raubasine and 36 received placebo. The baseline characteristics were comparable between both groups. Almitrine + raubasine was significantly more effective than placebo at increasing BI at 1, 2 or 3 months (14.6 +/- 13.8 versus 3.3 +/- 13.2, p = 0.01; 19.3 +/- 13.6 versus 8.8 +/- 14.0, p = 0.02; 22.6 +/- 14.7 versus 10.7 +/- 17.0, p = 0.02 respectively) and reducing NFDS at 1 month (3.6 +/- 3.2 versus 1.9 +/- 3.5, p = 0.034) after treatment. More almitrine + raubasine-treated patients' NFDS had improved compared with placebo-treated patients at 2 and 3 months (97 versus 78%, p = 0.013; 100 versus 86%, p = 0.023 respectively). Compared with pretreatment, there was a strong tendency towards an improvement of HDS with almitrine + raubasine. The number of adverse events reported was low for the almitrine + raubasine-treated group and the placebo group and all events were mild, of short duration and resolved without treatment. Almitrine + raubasine had no clinically significant effect on blood pressure, heart rate or other laboratory tests. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that almitrine + raubasine can accelerate neurological function recovery after stroke to some degree and is well tolerated.