宁夏六县农村3岁以下儿童营养状况分析

目的：为了解宁夏农村3岁以下儿童的营养状况,对宁夏6县进行了随机抽样横断面调查。方法：以身高和体重作为衡量儿童营养状况的指标,并同时调查有关社会环境因素。结果：该地区生长迟缓（HAZ＜－2）、低体重（WAZ＜－2）和消瘦（WHZ＜－2）的总患病率分别为：15．0％、11．7％、2．7％。回族高于汉族,经济好的县高于经济差的县。与NCHS／WHO标准分布比较,提示宁夏6县3岁以下儿童整体的营养状况较差。进行因素,分析发现腹泻,母亲文化程度,儿童数,喂养及辅食添加为营养不良的影响因素。结论：应积极开展营养健康教育,加强 儿童常见病的防治,提高孕妇和乳母的保健知识,在重点干预的同时,还要注意改善整体儿童的营养状况。

Analysis on Nutritional Status of Children under Three Years of Age in the Poor Rural Area of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.

Objective Under design of cross sectional study and randomly sampling, a survey was conducted in 6 counties of Ningxia province in China on the status of nutrition of children under 3 years old. Methods At the same time characters of children's family , feeding pattern and prevalence of cold and diarrhea were investigated. Results The prevalences of stunting (Height for Age Z score< 2) , underweight (Weight for Age Z score< 2) and wasting (Weight for Height Z score< 2) were 15.0%, 11.7% and 2.7% respectively. Compared with reference distribution of NCHS/WHO, the status of nutrition of the entire children was poor and prevalence of malnutrition was higher in the area. There were such factors affecting the status of children nutrition as diarrhea, education of parents,economic status of children's family, number of children in the family, breast feeding and introduction of food. Conclusions With development of economy, it is important to intensify education of nutrition; prevention and cure of common diseases for children;and to improve woman's knowledge about health care. It should be noticed that an intervention is required for the entire children, not just those who are classified as "malnutrition" by the cut-off criteria.