CYP2C19 polymorphisms in patients with gastric and colorectal carcinoma

Background It has been reported that up to 80% of human cancer arise as a consequence of environmental exposure and host susceptibility factors. Environmental carcinogens are predominantly metabolized by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) superfamily of drug-or xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes. Genetic variations in these enzymes affect individuals' susceptibility to carcinogens. Aim of the study The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between CYP2C19 polymorphism and susceptibility to these cancers by means of CYP2C19 genotyping among Turkish subjects. Methods DNA of subjects were isolated from leukocytes by high pure template preparation kit (Roche Diagnostics, GmbH, Mannheim, Germany) and genotypes were detected by LightCycler CYP2C19 Mutation Detection Kit by real-time PCR with LightCycler instrument (Roche Diagnostics, cat. no. 3113914). Results Being male was associated with a 3.5-fold (OR: 4.27, CI: 2.27–8.05) and 4.27-fold (OR: 3.50, CI: 1.948–6.301) risk for colorectal and gastric carcinoma, respectively. The CYP2C19 ^* 3 heterozygote genotype was not found in either gastric or colorectal carcinoma patients. Although the frequency of CYP2C19^*2 heterozygote genotype is high in patients with gastric and colorectal carcinoma, it is not significantly associated with cancer (OR: 1.79, CI: 0.829–3.865 and OR: 1.998, CI: 0.961–4.154, respectively). Conclusion Although the frequency of CYP2C19 ^* 2 heterozygote genotype is high in our patients with gastric and colorectal carcinoma, there is no the relationship between CYP2C19 polymorphism and susceptibility to these cancer.