低碘和高碘对大鼠甲状腺细胞凋亡的影响

目的 研究低碘和高碘对大鼠甲状腺细胞凋亡的影响。方法 利用病区的低碘粮食喂养大鼠，同时饮用不同质量浓度的加碘水，复制低碘和高碘动物模型，于20周后在光、电镜下观察甲状腺形态结构改变，原位末端标记方法对甲状腺细胞凋亡进行检测。结果 与对照组相比，低碘和高碘组甲状腺凋亡细胞数明显增多。结论 低碘和高碘均诱发大鼠甲状腺细胞凋亡，进而调节甲状腺的形态结构和功能。其中以低碘组作用明显，提示细胞凋亡过度是引起低碘和高碘性甲状腺功能低下的重要原因。

Effect of iodine deficiency and excess on thyroid apoptosis in rats

Objective To study the effect of iodine deficiency or excess on thyroid apoptosis. Methods Animal models of iodine deficiency or excess were established by feeding rats with food from iodine deficient area or water with different level of iodine. Morphology of thyroid was investigated under microscope 20 weeks later. Effect of iodine deficiency or excess on thyroid apoptosis was investigated using transmission electron microscope, TUNEL labeling and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. Results Cell apoptosis of thyroid was markedly increased in iodine deficiency or excess rats. Conclusions Either iodine deficiency or excess may produce thyroid cell apoptosis, and further regulate morphology and function of thyroid, among them the effect of iodine deficiency is stronger. Excess apoptosis may be an important factor of hypothyroidism.