Possible cocaine-induced acute renal failure without rhabdomyolysis

Cocaine-induced acute renal failure has been reported in association with rhabdomyolysis. We describe a case of a young African American male who developed acute renal failure, which possibly occurred after inhalation of cocaine without concomitant rhabdomyolysis. His renal function recovered with supportive hydration. The most likely mechanism was intense vasoconstriction. Clinicians need to be mindful of this unique feature of cocaine intoxication.