大学生完美主义、自尊、自我和谐和自杀意念的关系研究

目的了解大学生的完美主义、自尊、自我和谐和自杀意念状况,分析影响大学生自杀意念产生的主要因素。方法采用完美主义量表、自尊量表、自我和谐量表和自杀意念自评量表对河南省7所高校800名大学生进行统一问卷调查。结果完美主义和自杀意念在是否独生子上不存在显著差异(P>0.05),而自杀意念在性别上存在显著差异(P<0.01);完美主义及其维度、自尊、自我和谐与自杀意念之间存在显著相关,并且完美主义的4个维度——担心错误、行动的疑虑、条理性,自尊和自我和谐可以预测自杀意念。结论应采取措消除完美主义的消极影响,培养适中的自尊水平和自我和谐的人格,降低自杀意念的产生。

The Study on Relationship of Perfectionism Self-esteem, Self-consistency and Congruence and Suicidal Intention in Undergraduates

Objective To explore the status of Perfectionism, self-esteem, self-consistency and congruence, suicidal intention of undergraduates, and study the related factors to suicidal intention. Methods To adopt Perfectionism Scale, Self-Esteem Scale, Self-Consistency and Congruence Scale, Suicidal Intention Scale to investigate 800 undergraduates of 7 University in He'nan Province. Results Firstly, no significant only-child differences were found in perfectionism and suicidal intention. Suicidal intention showed significant difference on gender. Secondly, perfectionism and its dimensions, self-esteem, self-consistency and congruence and suicidal intention correlated significantly. Perfectionism's dimensions--concern over mistake, doubt about action, organization, self-esteem, self-consistency and congruence can play predictive roles in suicidal intention. Conclusion The measure should be adopted to extinguish perfectionism negative influence, increase the level of self-consistency and congruence, and to reduce suicidal intention happening.