毛细支气管炎患儿免疫功能的变化及临床意义

目的检测毛细支气管炎（简称“毛支”）患儿T细胞亚群和免疫球蛋白、补体等免疫指标，观察其免疫功能的变化以探讨毛细支气管炎的免疫学发病机制。方法对67例毛支组患儿、40例健康对照采用间接免疫荧光法检测T细胞亚群，定时散射比浊法测定免疫球蛋白、补体。结果与健康对照组相比，毛支组CD3^＋（％）与CD8^＋（％）降低，但无统计学意义，CD4^＋（％）与CD4^＋／CD8^＋增高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或〈0．01）；血清IgA降低、IgM升高但无统计学意义，IgG降低（P〈0．05）；血清C3、C4降低（P〈0．01）。结论婴幼儿感染毛细支气管炎后免疫功能发生紊乱和异常，其细胞免疫在感染后可能发挥主要的抗病毒作用，从细胞免疫角度进行研究可能更有利于疾病的严重性判断和更有效的治疗。

The changes of the immune function in infants with bronchiolitis and their clinical implication REN

Objective To study the changes of T lymphocyte subsets, immunoglobulin and complements in infants with bronchiolitis and explore the immunopathogenesis of bronchiolitis in in-fants. Methods Sixty-seven infants with bronchiolitis (bronchiolitis group) and forty healthy controls (control group) were enrolled in the study. T lymphocyte subsets were determined by indirected im-munofluorescent assay, and while serum levels of immunoglobulin and complements were determined by timing nephelometry. Results The percentage of CD3+ and CD8+ T cells, the concentrations of se-rum lgA and IgM showed no obvious differences between bronchiolitis group and control group (P>0.05). As compared with those of normal group, the percentage of CD4+ T cells and the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ were significantly higher (P<0.05 or <0.01) and the levels of serum IgG, C3, C4 were significantly lower in bronchiolitis group(P<0.05 or <0.01). Conclusion Immune function disorder and abnormality occurs in infants with bronchiolitis. T lymphocyte mediated immunity may exert an important antiviral effect. The research from the point of view of cell immunity contributes to evaluation of severity of illness and more effective therapy.