上海市金山区农村居民传染病知晓率和卫生习惯、就医行为的现况调查

目的了解上海市金山区农村居民对法定传染病的知晓率和卫生习惯、就医现况，从中发现问题，为深入开展疾病预防和控制提供有效依据。方法金山区疾控中心自行设计制订《金山区居民传染病知晓率及相关行为的现况调查》问卷。对各社区的调查员进行统一培训；并由各社区里委随机抽取一定比例的社区居民。问卷直接发放至个人，待答卷完成后由调查员当场回收。用EpiData3．0建立数据库进行录入，核对后用SPSS10．0统计软件进行分析。结果在1045名调查者中，男性557人，占53．30％；女性488人，占46．70％，男女性别比为1：0．88；不同文化程度居民在对传染病知识知晓率调查中，对10个问题的认识上差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。不同文化程度居民的生活卫生习惯状况，在对10个问题的回答中，除F题和G题外，不同的文化程度居民的生活卫生习惯差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）。不同年龄居民的就医状况有着显著的差别，15岁以下的生病后到医院就医的为100％，60岁以上的生病后到医院就医的为82．32％。结论居民对传染病知识认识不够，还存在着不良的卫生习惯，就医意识有待提高。

Survey of the Witting Rate of the Infectious Diseases, Sanitary Habits and Hospitalizing Behaviors among the Rural Residents of Jinshan District of Shanghai City

[ Objective ] To learn the witting rate of legal infectious diseases, sanitary habits and hospitalization situation among the rural residents in Jinshan District of Shanhhai, and provide effective evidence of the prevention and control work. [ Methods] Self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the witting rate of legal infectious diseases and relevant behaviors of the stochastically selected Jinshan residents; EpiData3.0 was used to set up database; SPSS 10.0 was used to analyze the result. [ Results] Among the 1045 investigated residents, 557 （ 53.30% ） of which were males and 488 were females （ 46.70% ） , the ratio was 1 ： 0.88 ; significant difference was found in both the witting rate of infectious diseases （ P 〈 0.01 ） and the sanitary habits （ P 〈 0.01 ; P 〈 0.05 ） among the residents of different educational levels; significant difference was also found in the hospitalization among the residents of different ages, the hospitalization rates among the residents under the age of 15 and above 60 were 100% and 82.32% respectively. [ Conclusion ] Jinshan residents lack the knowledge of infectious diseases; sanitary habits and hospitalization consciousness should be improved.