孕妇血清羊水和新生儿脐血瘦素水平的测定

目的　探讨正常妊娠妇女血清、羊水和新生儿脐血的瘦素水平及其临床意义。方法　采用放射免疫法测定 45例正常妊娠妇女 (其中早孕 15例 ,中孕 15例 ,晚孕 15例 )的血清瘦素水平和 2 0例足月孕妇的产前、产后三天血及其羊水、脐血瘦素水平。将测定结果与体重指数 (BMI)、血压和新生儿出生体重进行相关分析。结果　①血清瘦素水平在正常未妊娠妇女为 (7.84± 1.5 1)ng/ml;早期妊娠妇女为 (7.2 3± 2 .36 )ng/ml,中期妊娠妇女为(15 .6 1± 4.5 2 )ng/ml,晚期妊娠妇女为 (19.46± 4.5 9)ng/ml;产前妇女为 (18.92± 6 .0 3)ng/ml;产后三天妇女为(11.46± 3.17)ng/ml。妊娠中、晚期及足月产前血瘦素水平较正常未孕妇女明显升高。产后三天恢复正常。妊娠期间血瘦水平与BMI及血压无关。未孕及产后妇女的血瘦素水平与BMI正相关。②羊水瘦素水平为 (4 .84±1.2 4)ng/ml,新生儿脐血的瘦素水平为 (7.83± 1.95 )ng/ml。母血瘦素水平与羊水瘦素水平正相关 ,与脐血瘦素水平、血压及产前BMI无关 ;新生儿出生体重 (3714± 45 7) g与脐血瘦素水平正相关 ,与母血及羊水瘦素水平无关。结论　妊娠期间瘦素抵抗状态 ,瘦素抵抗有助于孕妇体脂增加及促进胎儿生长发育。

Levels of Leptin in Maternal Blood Amniotic Fluid and Umbilical Blood during Pregnancy

Objective To explore levels of leptin in maternal vein blood,amniotic fluid,and umbilical blood in normal pregnant women. Methods Immunoradioassay was used to measure levels of leptin in maternal vein blood of 45pregnant women (15 in the first ,15 in the second,and 15 in the third trimester ) and in maternal vein blood,amniotic fluid, and umbilical blood of 20 term women.10 other non-pregnant women were selected as control.Correlations between leptin level and BMI,blood pressure,and neonatal birth weight were analyzed. Results Levels of serum leptin were (7.84±1.51) ng/ml in non-pregnant women, (7.23±2.36) ng/ml in the first trimester, increasing to (15.61±4.52) ng/ml in the second trimester ,(19.46±4.59) ng/ml in the third trimester, (18.92±6.03) ng/ml at the pre-delivery time and returning to (11.46±3.17) ng/ml in the third day after delivery. Levels of serum leptin in non-pregnant and postpartum women were positively correlated with their BMI.Levels of amniotic fluid leptin were (4.84±1.24) ng/ml. Levels of neonatal umbilical blood were (7.83±1.95) ng/ml. Serum leptin levels at predelivery were positively correlated with those of amniotic fluid. Neonatal birth weights were positively correlated with levels of umbilical blood leptin,but were not correlated with maternal blood and levels of leptin in amniotic fluid.Conclusion Leptin insistence during pregnancy may contribute to the increase of body fat in pregnant women and fetal growth.