重庆市血液病实验室质量控制的现状及需求横断面调查研究

目的：了解重庆市血液病实验室质量控制的现状及需求。方法自行设计问卷，抽取重庆市各区县医院60家进行调查，主要调查内容涉及工作基础、规章制度、人员条件等问题。结果共发放60份问卷，有效问卷57份。研究对象中，仅14．04％为血液病专科实验室，大多数都能完成基本检验项目，66．67％有完整实验流程及标准操作规程（SOP）文件，人员以中级职称和本科学历为主。35．08％实验设备超过500万元，45．61％有专人检查记录。约45．61％出检验报告时会参考临床表现，并严格审签，大多数研究对象反应设备落后、人员缺乏，主要希望建立远程会诊系统和开展学习进修。结论重庆市各医院血液病实验室整体质量较好，建议加强全面质量控制，建设血液病应急救援系统，以提升实验室质量和水平。

Current situation and requirements of quality control of blood disease laboratory in Chongqing:a cross sectional study

Objective To understand the current situation and requirements of laboratory quality control of blood diseases in Chongqing .Methods A self‐designed questionnaire was designed ,and the investigation was carried out in 60 hospitals of Chongqing district .The main contents of the investigation were related to the instruments of work environment ,the regulations ,the conditions of the personnel ,etc .Results A total of 60 questionnaires were distributed ,57 questionnaires were valid .In the study ,only 14 .04%laboratories were the blood disease specialist laboratory ,most hospitals could complete the basic inspection items .66 .67% hospitals had all the experimental procedures and SOP documents .Most of staffs were with intermediate professional titles and undergraduate education .A total of 35 .08% experimental equipments with the value of over 5 million RMB ,45 .61% equipments had a special in‐spection records .About 45 .61% test reports would refer to the clinical performance ,and had a strict signing guideline .Most of the research objects reflected the problems ,including the backward equipments and the lack of personnel ,and hoped to set up telemedi‐cine indemnity system and carry out further education .Conclusion The overall quality of the laboratory for blood diseases in Chongqing is better ,it is recommended to strengthen the full quality control ,to establish emergency system ,and to improve the quality and level of laboratory .