肝炎相关再生障碍性贫血的临床特征

目的　了解肝炎相关再生障碍性贫血(HAAA)在重型再生障碍性贫血(SAA)中所占比例并探讨其临床特征。方法　观察近五年我科新诊治的SAA患者中HAAA所占比例,并采用病例对照方法探讨HAAA患者与非肝炎相关的SAA患者在临床表现、血常规、骨髓象、病毒血清学表现、肝功能检测结果、T淋巴细胞免疫功能及疗效和预后方面的异同。结果　①HAAA占SAA的比例为3. 3%。②HAAA与非肝炎相关的SAA患者治疗前血常规、骨髓象、成分输血量无明显差异; 13例HAAA中12例(92. 3% )甲、乙、丙型肝炎病毒检查阴性, 1例( 7. 7% )乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、e抗原(HBeAg)阳性; 12例(92. 3% )HAAA患者在急性黄疸型肝炎后丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平明显下降时发病;HAAA组CD4+淋巴细胞比例显著降低(P<0. 05 ),CD8+淋巴细胞比例显著增高(P<0. 05),CD4 /CD8比值显著降低(P<0. 05);治疗后6个月内, 与非肝炎相关的SAA比较,HAAA组早期感染率显著增高(84. 6%对42. 3%,P<0. 05)、感染相关病死率显著增高(61. 5%对15. 4%,P<0. 05);HAAA组2年生存率显著降低(16. 6%对83. 2%,P<0. 01)。结论　HAAA约占同期SAA3. 3%;大多数HAAA可能由非甲、非乙、非丙型肝炎病毒所引起;与非肝炎相关的SAA相比,HAAA患者T淋巴细胞免疫异常更明显,

The clinical features of hepatitis associated aplastic anemia

Objective To analyse the proportion of hepatitis associated aplastic anemia (HAAA) in severe aplastic anemia (SAA) and its clinical features of HAAA. Methods All newly diagnosed SAA cases in our department in the recent 5 years were analyzed. A case-control study was undertaken to investigate the differences of clinical and laboratory features between HAAA and non-hepatitis associated SAA (non-HASAA) patients. Results The proportion of HAAA in SAA was 3.3%. There was no significant difference in PB cell counts, bone marrow hematopoiesis status and the amount of blood transfusion between HAAA and non-HASAA patients. Sera from 13 patients with HAAA were tested for antibodies to hepatitis viruses A, B, and C and hepatitis B surface antigen. Twelve (92.3%) of them had negative serologic results for the tests and only one (7.7%) had a positive result for HBsAg and HBeAg. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels were decreased prior to the diagnosis in twelve (92.3%) of the 13 HAAA patients. The percentage of CD4 + cells in HAAA patients was significantly lower than that in non-HASAA patients(P<0.05). HAAA patients had higher percentages of CD8 + cells (P<0.05) and lower ratios of CD4 + /CD8 + (P<0.05). The early infection rate of the HAAA patients was significantly higher than that of non-HASAA patients (84.6% vs 42.3%, P<0.05),with different mortalities (61.5% vs 15.4%, P<0.05 ). The 2-year survival rate of HAAA patients was significantly lower than that of non-HASAA patients (16.6% vs 83.2%, P<0.01). Conclusion The proportion of HAAA in SAA was 3.3%. Most of HAAA were associated with non-A, non-B and non-C hepatitis virus. Compared with that of non-HASAA, the abnormality of T cell immunity of HAAA was more severe, with a higher frequency of early infection and a higher mortality rate.