综合排痰护理改善老年支气管哮喘急性发作期患者肺功能的研究

目的 探讨综合排痰护理对老年支气管哮喘急性发作期肺功能的影响，为寻求有效的护理手段提供依据。方法选择2011年11月至2013年4月老年支气管哮喘急性发作期住院患者100例，随机分为常规护理组（n=50）和排痰护理组（n=50），常规护理组患者仅采用常规护理，排痰护理组在常规护理基础上再加综合排痰护理，连续7d。分别对2组患者的临床疗效、肺功能变化（1秒用力呼气容积／用力呼气量预计值的百分比（FEV1％），1秒用力呼气容积／用力肺活量百分比（FEV1／FVC），最大呼气峰值流速实测值占预计值的百分比（PEF％）]等进行检测及统计分析。结果排痰护理纽显效29例、有效14例、无效7例、总有效率为86％，而常规护理组显效22例、有效15例、无效13例、总有效率为74％，排痰护理组总有效率高于常规护理组，但差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；与治疗前比较，2组治疗后FEV，％、FEV，／FVC和PEF％均明显升高（P〈0．05）；与常规护理组治疗后比较，排痰护理组治疗后的FEV1％、FEV1／FVC和PEF％皆显著升高，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论 综合排痰护理对老年支气管哮喘急性发作期患者肺功能有较显著的改善效果。

Study on the auxiliary role of expectoration care in lung function of elderly patients with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma

Objective To explore the nursing methods of auxiliary treatment of acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma in the elderly. Methods 100 elderly cases with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma were randomly divided into expectoration care group and conventional care group, with 50 cases in each group. The clinical efficacy and the levels of FEV1%, FEV1/FVC, PEF% in the two groups were compared. Results The efficient rate of the expectoration care group showed no statistically significant difference from conventional group （86% vs 74%）. The levels of FEV1%, FEV1/FVC%, PEF% were significantly increased in each group after treatment （P〈0. 05）. Compared with the conventional care group , the levels of FEVI%, FEV1/ FVC, PEF% were significantly increased in expectoration care group after treatment （P〈0. 05）. Conclusions Expectoration care can improve lung function of acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma effectively in the elderly patients.