上海市嘉定区青少年自杀及相关心理行为分析

目的了解上海市青少年自杀及自杀相关心理行为状况，为制定干预措施提供依据。方法采用《上海市青少年健康相关行为调查问卷》对分层整群随机抽取的6所学校共1089名学生进行问卷调查。结果1087名被调查的青少年中，过去12个月有117人（10．8％）有自杀行为，其中自杀意念、自杀计划、自杀未遂的报告人数分别为94人（8．6％）、50人（4．6％）、23人（2．1％）。采取措施自杀的比例，初中生高于高中生、职校生（P〈0．05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示，女生是自杀行为发生的危险因素（OR=1．628，95％CI：1．059～2．504）。有526名（48．4％）青少年发生不良心理情绪障碍，高中生高于初中生和职校生（P〈0．05），男生经常感到孤独、经常因学习或成绩感到心情不愉快、经常因担心某事而失眠、曾连续2周以上伤心绝望、曾离家出走的比例均高于女生（P均〈0．05）。结论学校、家庭和社会应对重点学生进行心理健康教育，采取相应的干预措施，预防自杀的发生。

Analysis of suicide and suicide psychological behaviors among adolescents in Jiading District, Shanghai

Objective To understand suicide and suicide related psychological behaviors of adolescents in Jiading District of Shanghai City, and provide evidence for school health education and promotion. Methods A questionnaire of ＂Health Related Behaviors among Adolescents in Shanghai＂ was used among 1089 students in 6 schools. Results The number of suicide behavior in Jiading District adolescents was 117 （ 10. 8% ）. The numbers of suicidal ideation, suicide plans and suicide attempts were 94 （8.6%）, 50 （4. 6% ） and 23 （2. 1% ）. The proportion of suicide attempts in junior high school students was higher than the others （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. The logistic regression analysis indicated that female was an influencing factor. 526 （48.4%） of adolescents had unhealthy emotions, and the number in senior high school students was higher than the others （OR = 1. 628, 95%CI： 1. 059 -2. 504）. The proportions of feeling lonely frequently, feeling displeasure because of study or test scores （P 〈 0. 05 ） ,insomnia to worry about something, despairs above two weeks and run away from home in male was higher than that in female （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Psychological healthy education should be taken among targeted adolescents. It suggested that effective measures to prevent the suicide behaviors should be taken among middle school students.