超声诊断视网膜裂孔伴视网膜脱离

目的 探讨超声诊断视网膜裂孔伴视网膜脱离的方法。方法 选取1999年11月～2000年7月眼科超声检查视网膜脱离伴明确裂孔的连续临床病例48眼，每眼均经过各个方位的超声探测。结果 当连续性脱离视网膜光带中有明显中断，且断端间距大于1mm时，可诊断为视网膜裂孔。马蹄形裂孔中18眼在孔前缘有玻璃体牵引，4眼PVD刚好至后缘，8眼在前后缘均有牵孔；黄斑裂孔中6眼在黄斑处有玻璃体牵引，6眼有完全PVD。巨大裂孔中2眼无明显PVD，大量皮质在裂孔中；1眼后缘有明显牵引。结论 应用超声可以诊断部分视网膜裂孔，视网膜裂孔周围多有玻璃体牵引，手术时应特别注意对此部位的处理，超声诊断对于视网膜脱离术前检查有帮助和补充的作用。

Ultrasonographic diagnosis of retinal holes with retinal detachment

Objective Retinal holes with retinal detachment and vitreous-retina adhesions around holes that can be found by ultrasound were analyzed. Methods Consecutive clinical 48 eyes of definite retinal holes with retinal detachment were selected during November 1999 to July 2000. Every eye was tested with ultrasound. Results When there was an obvious break in the continuous retinal echo and the distance between two ends was more than 1 mm, the retinal hole could be diagnosed. In 30 eyes with horse-shoe holes,there were vitreous tractions at the edge of holes. In 6 eyes with macular holes, there were vitreous traction at macula. In 1 eye with giant tears, there was traction at the back edge.Conclusions Part of retinal holes can be diagnosed by using ultrasound. Most times there are vitreous adhesions around the holes. Special attention must be paid to the treatment of traction in operation. Ultrasonographic diagnosis is helpful to the clinical examination of retinal detachment preoperation.