Orem自护模式对女性精神分裂症患者精神症状和社会功能及复发率的影响

目的 探究Orem自护模式对女性精神分裂症患者的应用效果。 方法 选择2018年7月—2019年7月于绍兴市第七人民医院精神卫生中心治疗的女性精神分裂症患者85例作为研究对象,利用随机数字表法将其分为观察组(43例)和对照组(42例)。对照组采用常规管理模式,观察组在对照组基础上联合Orem自护模式,随访6个月,比较2组精神症状阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)]、社会功能社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS)和日常生活能力量表(ADL)]以及复发率。 结果 2组治疗前人口特征和各量表评分比较差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。治疗6个月后,观察组PANSS阴性量表、一般精神病理量表和总分分别为(9.27±1.20)分、(20.84±3.40)分、(39.44±4.35)分,均低于对照组(14.37±2.47)分、(26.11±4.02)分、(57.66±5.34)分,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为12.152、13.832、17.265,均P<0.05),2组阳性量表差异无统计学意义(t=0.922,P>0.05)。观察组SDSS、ADL分别为(3.27±1.13)分、(4.68±1.27)分,对照组上述量表分别为(29.84±3.10)分、(23.40±2.77)分,差异有统计学意义(t值分别为5.411、10.091,均P<0.05)。观察组6个月累积复发率为16.28%(7/43),对照组为35.71%(15/42),差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.184,P=0.041)。 结论 Orem自护模式通过加强女性精神分裂症自护能力降低精神症状,提高社会能力,减少再住院或复发。 

Effects of Orem self-care model on mental symptoms,social function and recurrence rate of female patients with schizophrenia

Objective To explore the effect of Orem self-care model on female patients with schizophrenia. Methods From July 2018 to July 2019, 85 female schizophrenic patients treated in the mental health center of Seventh People's Hospital of Shaoxing were selected as the research object, and were divided into observation group(43 cases) and control group(42 cases) by random number table method. The control group adopted the conventional management model. The observation group combined the Orem self-care model on the basis of the control group and both were followed up for 6 months to compare the two groups of mental symptoms(positive and negative syndrome scale,PANSS), social function social disability screening schedule(SDSS) and activities of daily living(ADL)] and relapse rate. Results There were no statistical difference between the two groups before treatment in terms of population characteristics and various scales(P>0.05). After 6 months, the observation group's PANSS negative scale, general psychopathology scale and total score were(9.27±1.20),(20.84±3.40), and(39.44±4.35), which were lower than those of the control group, the difference was statistically significant(t=12.152, 13.832, 17.265, P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between the two groups of positive scales(t=0.922, P>0.05). The SDSS and ADL of the observation group were(3.27±1.13) and(4.68±1.27) respectively, and the above scales of the control group were(29.84±3.10) points and(23.40±2.77) points, respectively. The differences were statistically significant(t=5.411, 10.091, respectively, P<0.05). The cumulative recurrence rate in the observation group at 6 months was 16.28%(7/43) and that in the control group was 35.71%(15/42), the difference was statistically significant(χ2=4.184, P=0.041). Conclusion The Orem self-care model reduces mental symptoms, improves social ability, and reduces rehospitalization or recurrence by strengthening the self-care ability of female schizophrenia.