Visualizing risks in cancer communication: A systematic review of computer-supported visual aids |
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| Institution: | 1. Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (German Cancer Society), Kuno-Fischer-Straße 8, 14057 Berlin, Germany;2. Department Health Sciences, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences (HAW Hamburg), Ulmenliet 20, 21033 Hamburg, Germany;3. School of Engineering and Computing, University of the West of Scotland (UWS), Paisley, PA1 2BE Scotland, UK;4. Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing, China;5. Clinic for Internal Medicine 2, Department for Haematology and Internal Oncology, Jena University Hospital, Bachstraße 18, 07743 Jena, Germany;1. Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research (NIVEL), Utrecht, The Netherlands;2. Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;3. Faculty of Health Sciences, University College of Southeast Norway, Drammen, Norway;1. Department of Psychology, Iowa State University, Ames, USA;2. War Related Illness and Injury Study Center (WRIISC), Veterans Affairs New Jersey Healthcare System, East Orange, USA;3. Department of Educational and Counseling Psychology, University at Albany, Albany, USA;4. Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA;5. War Related and Injury Study Center, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Washington, D.C., USA;6. Silberman School of Social Work, Hunter College, CUNY, NY, USA;1. Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland;1. McGraw Patterson Center for Population Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA;2. Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA;3. Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA;4. Susan F. Smith Center for Women''s Cancers, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA;5. Colon Cancer Alliance, Washington, DC, USA;6. Department of Nursing, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA;7. Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA;8. Division of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA;1. Health Behaviour Research Centre, Dept. Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK;2. Dept. of Applied Health Research, University College London, London, UK;3. Dept. of Women''s Cancer, EGA UCL Institute for Women''s Health, University College London, London, UK |
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| Abstract: | ObjectiveHealth websites are becoming important sources for cancer information. Lay users, patients and carers seek support for critical decisions, but they are prone to common biases when quantitative information is presented. Graphical representations of risk data can facilitate comprehension, and interactive visualizations are popular. This review summarizes the evidence on computer-supported graphs that present risk data and their effects on various measures.MethodsThe systematic literature search was conducted in several databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL. Only studies with a controlled design were included. Relevant publications were carefully selected and critically appraised by two reviewers.ResultsThirteen studies were included. Ten studies evaluated static graphs and three dynamic formats. Most decision scenarios were hypothetical. Static graphs could improve accuracy, comprehension, and behavioural intention. But the results were heterogeneous and inconsistent among the studies. Dynamic formats were not superior or even impaired performance compared to static formats.ConclusionsStatic graphs show promising but inconsistent results, while research on dynamic visualizations is scarce and must be interpreted cautiously due to methodical limitations.Practice implicationsWell-designed and context-specific static graphs can support web-based cancer risk communication in particular populations. The application of dynamic formats cannot be recommended and needs further research. |
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| Keywords: | Visual aids Visualization Risk communication Internet Medical decision-making Neoplasms Cancer |
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