低年资护士同情心疲乏现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解低年资护士同情心疲乏现状,分析其影响因素。 方法 采用方便抽样的方法,于2020年3—4月抽取温州市4所三级甲等医院348名低年资护士为研究对象。应用汉化版生命意义感量表、心理韧性量表和同情心疲乏量表进行调查。 结果 低年资护士生命意义感评分为(45.77±6.82)分,心理韧性评分为(78.74±16.84)分,同情心疲乏评分为(109.74±14.59)分;单因素分析显示,不同年龄、学历、职称、护龄、值夜班情况、对薪酬满意程度的低年资护士同情心疲乏评分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);Pearson相关分析显示,低年资护士的生命意义感、心理韧性总分及各维度评分均与同情心疲乏评分呈负相关(均P<0.01);多元线性回归分析显示,低年资护士职称、生命意义感、心理韧性、值夜班情况是同情心疲乏的主要影响因素(均P<0.05)。 结论 低年资护士的同情心疲乏程度较高,低年资护士的职称、生命意义感、心理韧性、值夜班情况均会影响同情心疲乏水平。护理管理者应当制定公平公正的职称晋级评定规则,规范轮班轮岗制度,采取针对性措施提升低年资护士的生命意义感和心理韧性力水平,缓解低年资护士的同情心疲乏,提高临床护理服务质量。 

Analysis of current situation and influencing factors of compassion fatigue in junior nurses

Objective To understand the current situation of compassion fatigue in junior nurses, and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Total 348 junior nurses from 4 third-grade class-A hospitals in Wenzhou city were selected as the research subjects using the convenience sampling from March to April 2020. The general data questionnaire, the Chinese meaning in life questionnaire, Connor-Davidson resilience scale and the health care workers' compassion fatigue scale were used. Results The total score of the meaning in life was(45.77±6.82) points. The total score of psychological resilience was(78.74±16.84) points. The score of junior nurses' compassion fatigue was(109.74±14.59) points. Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of compassion fatigue among nurses with different ages, educational background, professional title, nursing age, night shift, and satisfaction with salary(all P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that meaning in life, psychological resilience and each dimension scores were negatively correlated with the junior nurses' compassion fatigue(all P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that junior nurses' title, meaning in life, psychological resilience, night duty were the main influence factors of junior nurses' compassion fatigue(all P<0.05). Conclusion Junior nurses' compassion fatigue degree is higher. The title, meaning in life, psychological resilience, night duty all can affect the compassion fatigue level. Nursing managers should formulate fair and equitable professional title promotion and assessment rules, standardize the shift system, take targeted measures to improve the meaning of life and psychological resilience, alleviate the compassion fatigue of junior nurses, and improve the quality of clinical nursing service.