焦点解决模式对老年焦虑障碍共病高血压患者的心理护理作用

目的 焦点解决模式对广泛性焦虑障碍(generalized anxiety disorder,GAD)共病高血压的老年患者的预后作用不明确,将焦点解决模式作为心理护理方法,探讨其在该人群中的优势。 方法 选择2018年6月—2019年6月在杭州第七人民医院住院治疗的老年GAD共病高血压患者80例,按随机数字表分为常规护理联合焦点解决模式组(研究组)和常规护理组(对照组),各40例。2组分别干预4周。采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、自知力和治疗态度问卷(ITAQ)及监测血压评估2组患者的焦虑水平、自知力及依从性、血压水平。 结果 2组在干预后HAMA评分、收缩压和舒张压水平均较干预前下降,ITAO评分均较干预前升高,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。干预4周后,研究组HAMA为(8.20±2.77)分,对照组为(10.00±2.75)分,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.921,P<0.05);研究组ITAQ为(19.02±1.97)分,对照组为(18.05±2.19)分,差异有统计学意义(t=2.098,P<0.05);干预后2组收缩压、舒张压比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。 结论 相对常规护理,对老年焦虑伴高血压患者进行焦点解决模式护理可以更有效地控制焦虑情绪,改善自知力及治疗依从性,控制高血压水平。 

Psychological Nursing Effect of the Solution-Focused model on Elderly Patients with Hypertension and generalized Anxiety Disorder

Objective The focus resolution model is not clear for the prognosis of elderly patients with generalized anxiety disorder(GAD) comorbid hypertension. The focus resolution model is used as a psychological care method to explore its advantages in this population. Methods A total of 80 elderly patients with generalized anxiety disorder comorbid hypertension who were hospitalized in Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital from June 2018 to June 2019 were selected and divided into a research group(40 cases) and a control group(40 cases) according to the random number table. The two groups received routine nursing combined with the Solution-Focused model(study group) or only received routine nursing(control group) intervention for 4 weeks. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA), Insight and Treatment Attitudes Questionnaires(ITAQ), and blood pressure monitoring were used to assess the changes in anxiety, self-perception, adherence to treatment, and blood pressure levels of the two groups. Results After the intervention, the HAMA score level, ITAQ score level, systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the two groups were lower than before intervention, and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). After 4 weeks of intervention, the HAMA score of the patients in the study group was 8.20±2.77, and the HAMA score of the control group was 10.00±2.75. The difference was statistically significant(t=-2.921, P<0.05). The ITAQ score of the study group was 19.02±1.97, the control group was(18.05±2.19)points, the difference was statistically significant(t=2.098, P<0.05).The differences in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure between the two groups were statistically significant(all P<0.001). Conclusion Compared with routine nursing, psychological care of the Solution-Focused model for elderly patients with anxiety and hypertension can reduce anxiety more effectively, improve self-awareness and control the level of hypertension.