2015-2019年镇江市国家血吸虫病监测点疫情分析

［摘要］　目的　分析2015—2019年镇江市国家监测点血吸虫病监测结果，为巩固血吸虫病防治成果、及时处置风险因素提供科学依据。方法　2015—2019年在镇江市设立7个国家血吸虫病监测点，按照《全国血吸虫病监测方案（2014年版）》要求，对本地居民和流动人群、牛羊等家畜血吸虫感染情况以及钉螺孳生环境等进行系统监测，对5年血吸虫病监测结果进行分析。结果　2015—2019年，镇江市7个国家血吸虫病监测点累计开展本地人群和流动人群血吸虫病血清学筛查15 848人·次和7 779人·次，血检阳性率分别为0.95%～1.75% 和0.14%～0.91%，均未发现病原学阳性者；筛查牛、羊、猪等各类家畜1 885头·次，均未发现粪检血吸虫阳性家畜。累计调查各类钉螺孳生及可疑钉螺孳生环境3 333.79 hm2，查出有螺面积108.71 hm2，其中钉螺复现面积50.97 hm2；5年活螺密度为0.007～0.125只/0.1 m2，呈逐年增高趋势（χ2 = 2 732.626，P ＜ 0.01），未发现血吸虫感染性钉螺。结论　镇江市血吸虫病疫情已维持在较低水平，防治成果较为巩固。但钉螺分布仍较广，血吸虫病传播危险因素依然存在。今后要加强钉螺控制等综合措施，及时发现和处置血吸虫病传播风险，推进消除血吸虫病进程。

Endemic situation of schistosomiasis in national surveillance sites of Zhenjiang City from 2015 to 2019

Objective　To analyze the endemic situation of schistosomiasis in national surveillance sites of Zhenjiang City from 2015 to 2019, so as to provide the scientific basis for the consolidation of schistosomiasis control achievements and timely treatment of risk factors. Methods　A total of 7 national schistosomiasis surveillance sites were assigned in Zhenjiang City from 2015 to 2019. According to the National Scheme for Schistosomiasis Surveillance (2014 version), Schistosoma japonicum infections were monitored in local residents, floating populations and livestock, and snail habitats were surveyed in Zhenjiang City from 2015 to 2019. The results of schistosomaisis surveillance in Zhenjiang City from 2015 to 2019 were analyzed. Results 　There were 15 848 and 7 779 person?times of local residents and floating populations receiving serological screening of schistosomiasis in 7 national surveillance sites of Zhenjiang City from 2015 to 2019, and the seroprevalence rates were 0.95% to 1.75% and 0.14% to 0.91% among local residents and floating populations, respectively; however, no egg?positives were identified. A total of 1 885 herd?times of livestock were detected, and no egg?positives were found. During the 5?year period, snail survey was conducted in snail habitats and suspected snail habitats covering 3 333.79 hm2, and there were 108.71 hm2 snail habitats identified, including 50.97 hm2 re?emerging snail habitats. The density of living snails was 0.007 to 0.125 snails/0.1 m2 from 2015 to 2019, which showed a trend for a rise year by year (χ2 = 2 732.626, P < 0.01); however, no S. japonicum infections were detected in snails. Conclusions　The endemic situation of schistosomiasis has been maintained at a low level in Zhenjiang City, and schistosomiasis control achievements are consolidated. However, snails are widely distributed in the city, and there are still risk factors associated with schistosomiasis transmission. Further integrated interventions require to be reinforced to timely manage the risk of transmission of schistosomiasis and promote the progress towards elimination of schistosomiasis.