洪涝灾害与血吸虫病防控

当前，我国血吸虫病疫情处于历史最低水平，但影响血吸虫病传播与流行的因素依然存在。洪涝灾害对血吸虫病流行会产生严重影响，甚至影响血吸虫病防治进程和防治成果的巩固。2020年，我国较大范围发生了严重洪涝灾害。本文分析了当前我国血吸虫病流行现状及洪涝灾害对血吸虫病流行的影响，并就洪涝灾害发生前的风险评估与处置、发生时的感染风险防范以及灾后疫情评估与监测等血吸虫病防控工作进行了系统阐述。洪涝灾害地区的血吸虫病防控既是常规防治工作的重要部分，又是救灾防病工作的重要环节，应在各地政府的统一领导下科学有序地实施各项应急响应措施，避免或减少洪涝灾害所致血吸虫病传播风险；同时要重视和加强血吸虫病早期监测预警技术和方法研究，为实现《 “十三五”全国血吸虫病防治规划》和全面消除血吸虫病目标提供科学精准的支撑。

Flood disasters and schistosomiasis control

Currently, the endemic situation of schistosomiasis has dropped to the lowest level in China; however, there are still factors affecting the transmission of schistosomiasis. Flood disasters may pose a great impact on the transmission of schistosomiasis and even affect the progress of schistosomiasis control and the consolidation of schistosomiasis control achievements. In 2020, major flood disasters occur across China. This paper analyzes the current status of schistosomiasis and the impact of flood disasters on the transmission of schistosomiasis in China, and systematically describes the assessment of and response to schistosomiasis transmission risk before flood disasters, the prevention of Schistosoma japonicum infections during flood disasters and the assessment of the endemic situation of schistosomiasis and surveillance of schistosomiasis after flood disasters. It is considered that schistosomiasis control is an important part of conventional schistosomiasis control activities and an important part of anti?flood and schistosomiasis?preventive activities in flood disaster?affected areas. It is recommended that emergence response interventions are implemented in a scientific and well?organized manner to avoid or reduce the risk of schistosomiasis transmission caused by flood disasters. In addition, the research on early surveillance and forecast approaches for schistosomiasis should be emphasized and reinforced to provide the scientific and precise tools for achieving the goal of the 13th Five?year Plan for Schistosomiasis Control and elimination of schistosomiasis in China.