围绝经期女性轻度认知功能损害的影响因素研究

目的 了解围绝经期女性认知功能状况并探讨其影响因素,为预防围绝经期女性轻度认知功能损害(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)的发生提供理论依据。 方法 本研究采用方便抽样的方法选择2016—2017年在兰州市某体检中心体检的围绝经期女性为研究对象,通过简易精神状态评价量表(mini-mental state examination,MMSE)筛选MCI患者179例,以年龄和围绝经期为配对因素,按1∶1配对方式选取同期在同一体检中心体检的认知功能正常者179例作为对照组。对所有研究对象均进行问卷调查、实验室检查、体格检查、心电图和影像学检查获取一般人口学特征、血液及血管硬化等指标,并采用配对t检验、McNemar检验和条件logistic回归进行数据分析。 结果 病例组左侧心-踝指数(left cardio-ankle vascular index,CAVIL)异常、长期精神紧张和临街居住的比例均高于对照组(均P<0.05),且病例组和对照组左侧踝-臂指数(left ankle-arm index,ABIL)异常比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。条件logistic回归分析发现CAVIL异常OR=3.015,95%CI(1.062~8.559)]、ABIL异常OR=0.139,95%CI(0.037~0.526)]、高血压家族史OR=0.482,95%CI(0.235~0.987)]、常暴饮暴食OR=3.768,95%CI(1.088~13.046)]和临街居住OR=14.029,95%CI(6.125~32.134)]5个因素有统计学意义,多因素分析发现临街居住OR=10.071,95%CI(5.072~19.996)]和ABIL异常OR=0.205,95%CI(0.078~0.541)]可能影响围绝经期女性MCI的发生。 结论 临街居住及血管功能异常可能是围绝经期女性MCI的危险因素。 

A study of the influencing factors of mild cognitive impairment in perimenopausal women

Objective To understand the cognitive function and explore its influencing factors among perimenopausal women, so as to provide a theoretical basis for preventing the occurrence of mild cognitive impairment(MCI). Methods Perimenopausal women recruited from 2016-2017 in one physical examination center of Lanzhou by convenience sampling, and 1:1 matched case-control study design was conducted in this study, including 179 patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI) screening by the simple Mini-mental State Examination(MMSE) and 179 individuals with normal cognitive function from the same population matched by age, occupation and education level as controls. Questionnaire survey, laboratory examination, electrocardiogram and imaging examination, and physical examination were applied in this study for all subjects to obtain the general demographic characteristics, the indicators of blood and angiosclerosis, and other indicators. Then, all collected data were analyzed using paired t-test, McNemar test and conditional logistic regression statistics method. Results Data from the nonparametric test analysis showed that there were significant differences in left cardio-ankle vascular index(CAVIL), left ankle-arm index(ABIL), long-term mental stress and ratio of living close to busy traffic road between the case group and control group(P<0.05). Logistic analysis showed that there were five statistically significant influencing factors, including abnormal CAVILOR=3.015, 95% CI(1.062, 8.559)], abnormal ABILOR=0.139, 95% CI(0.037, 0.526)], family history of hypertensionOR=0.482, 95% CI(0.235, 0.987)], frequent overeating habitOR=3.768, 95% CI(1.088, 13.046)] and living close to busy traffic roadOR=14.029, 95% CI(6.125, 32.134)]. Multivariate analysis showed that living close to busy traffic roadOR=10.071, 95% CI(5.072, 19.996)] and abnormal ABILOR=0.205, 95% CI(0.078, 0.541)] may affect the occurrence of MCI in perimenopausal women. Conclusion Living close to busy traffic road and dysfunction of artery may be the risk factors of MCI among perimenopausal women.