基于时空统计方法分析温州市2020年1~3月新型冠状病毒肺炎的聚集性分布

目的 通过时空统计分析探索温州市新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的时空分布特征,为政府制定相应的防控策略提供理论依据。 方法 收集2020年1月21日至3月1日温州市12个县区武汉返温病例与接触过确诊患者的本地继发COVID-19病例疫情监测资料进行分析,运用ArcGIS 10.5制作发病数地图进行可视化,利用SaTScan 9.6进行时空聚类分析,比较武汉返温病例与本地继发病例的时空分布特征并分析本地继发病例聚集的原因。 结果 截至2020年3月1日,温州市COVID-19累计发病数为504例,发病率为6.08/10万。累计出院数为447例,其中武汉返温病例为168例,接触过COVID-19确诊患者的本地继发病例为221例,两类病例时空聚类分析结果均存在明显时空聚集性,聚类结果基本一致,主要聚集区为乐清市、瑞安市与永嘉县。 结论 温州市COVID-19发生存在时空聚集性,武汉返温人员较多的县区,本地继发病例相对较多。因此,有关部门应针对性加强武汉返温病例重点聚集区的防控与人员管理,加强来温人员排查和服务工作,降低一切可能导致疾病发生的风险。

Clustering distribution of COVID-19 in Wenzhou from January to March 2020 based on spatiotemporal analysis

Objective To explore the spatiotemporal distribution of COVID-19 in Wenzhou and to provide theoretical basis for the formulation of preventive and control measures. Methods The epidemic data of COVID-19 cases returning from Wuhan and local secondary cases who contacted with the confirmed cases from 21 January 2020 to 1 March 2020 were collected and analyzed. ArcGIS 10.5 was used to produce a map of the number of cases. Spatiotemporal clustering analysis was performed with SaTScan 9.6 to explore the epidemic characteristics of returning and local cases and to investigate the causes of local cases. Results As of 1 March 2020, the cumulative number of COVID-19 cases was 504, with an incidence of 6.08/100 000. The cumulative number of discharged cases was 447. Of all cases, 168 returned from Wuhan and 221 local secondary cases contacted with the confirmed cases. The spatial-temporal cluster analysis of the two types of cases showed obvious clustering, and the clustering results were basically consistent. Clusters occurred mainly in Yueqing City, Ruian City and Yongjia County. Conclusion There is a spatialtemporal aggregation of COVID-19 in Wenzhou. Counties with more COVID-19 cases returning from Wuhan had more local secondary cases. Prevention and control measures should be taken especially in regions where a large number of people migrated to reduce the risk of COVID-19.