牙周基础治疗对2型糖尿病伴慢性牙周炎患者红细胞、血小板相关指标的影响

目的: 比较2型糖尿病伴慢性牙周炎(type 2 diabetes mellitus with chronic periodontitis,DM-P)患者牙周基础治疗前后的红细胞、血小板相关指标的水平。方法: 共纳入35例DM-P患者,所有参与者均进行牙周基础治疗,比较基线及治疗后3个月的牙周临床指标和红细胞、血小板指标。结果: 与基线时相比,DM-P患者牙周基础治疗后3个月的探诊深度[(3.370±0.601) mm vs. (2.729±0.431) mm]、出血指数[2.160 (1.550~3.410) vs. 1.420 (1.000~2.970)]、附着丧失[(3.307±1.577) mm vs. (2.990±1.587) mm]明显下降(P均<0.001),红细胞计数[(4.727±0.392)×10¹²/L vs. (4.825±0.394)×10¹²/L,P=0.010]、血红蛋白水平[(145.886±11.792) g/L vs. (149.200±12.979) g/L,P=0.007]、红细胞比容[43.40% (37.50%~48.50%) vs. 43.80% (38.50%~53.20%), P=0.003]显著增加,血小板计数[(216.714±61.900)×10⁹/L vs. (205.886±62.051)×10⁹/L,P=0.016]显著降低。结论: 牙周基础治疗显著改善DM-P患者的红细胞、血小板相关指标,可能降低DM-P患者发生糖尿病血管并发症的风险。

Effect of initial periodontal therapy on blood parameters related to erythrocyte and platelet in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis

Objective: To compare the blood parameters related to erythrocyte and platelet between baseline and 3 months after initial periodontal therapy in patients with both type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis (DM-P). Methods: According to the International Symposium on Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions in 1999 and the diagnostic criteria of type 2 diabetes mellitus proposed by the World Health Organization in 1999, 35 patients with DM-P were recruited. All the participants received initial periodontal therapy, including oral hygiene instruction, scaling, and root planning provided by one senior periodontist. Original diet, exercise, and medication for blood glucose control were unchanged for all the participants. At baseline and 3 months after initial periodontal therapy, the clinical periodontal parameters, including probing depth (PD), bleeding index (BI) and clinical attachment loss (CAL); erythrocyte-related indexes, including red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), RBC volume distribution width (RDW); platelet-related indexes, including platelet (PLT) count, mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), plateletocrit (PCT) were measured and compared. Results: Compared with baseline, the periodontal parameters, including PD [(3.370±0.601) mm vs. (2.729±0.431) mm], BI [2.160 (1.550~3.410) vs. 1.420 (1.000~2.970)] and CAL [(3.307±1.577) mm vs. (2.990±1.587) mm], were significantly reduced (P<0.001) three months after the initial periodontal therapy; the erythrocyte-related indexes, including RBC count [(4.727±0.392)×10¹²/L vs. (4.825±0.394)×10¹²/L, P=0.010], HGB [(145.886±11.792) g/L vs. (149.200±12.979) g/L, P=0.007] and HCT [43.40% (37.50%~48.50%) vs. 43.80% (38.50%~53.20%), P=0.003], were significantly increased three months after the initial periodontal therapy; PLT count [(216.714±61.900)×10⁹/L vs. (205.886±62.051)×10⁹/L, P=0.016] was significantly reduced 3 months after the initial periodontal therapy. Conclusion: The initial periodontal therapy can significantly improve blood parameters related to RBC and PLT, which might decrease the risk of vascular complications in DM-P patients.