310例高龄产妇生育现状、并发症及妊娠不良结局分析

目的 分析高龄产妇生育现状,并与同期适龄产妇并发症、妊娠不良结局情况进行比较分析。 方法 选择2018年7月—2019年10月期间在舟山市普陀区人民医院妇产科分娩的高龄产妇310例,作为观察组,并选择同期进行分娩的适龄产妇310例,作为对照组,比较2组产妇分娩方式、并发症以及妊娠不良结局发生情况。 结果 观察组剖宫产比例(20.00%)明显高于对照组(6.45%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组自然分娩比例为54.19%、无痛分娩比例为25.81%,对照组自然分娩比例为65.16%、无痛分娩比例为28.39%(均P>0.05)。观察组子痫前期、产后出血、前置胎盘以及妊娠期高血压并发症发生率明显高于对照组(均P<0.05),并发症中最典型的为子痫前期,观察组与对照组发生率分别为19.03%、5.16%,2组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.047,P=0.003);观察组巨大儿、低体重儿、新生儿窒息发生率明显高于对照组(均P<0.05)。 结论 高龄产妇更容易发生子痫前期、产后出血、前置胎盘以及妊娠期高血压等并发症,新生儿多出现巨大儿、低体重等不良妊娠结局现象,分娩方式方面则多选择无痛分娩或者剖宫产。对于高龄产妇而言,需要做好围产期保健工作,尽可能降低并发症以及不良妊娠结局发生率,确保母婴安全。 

Analysis of fertility status,complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes in 310 elderly parturient wome

Objective To analyze the fertility status of elderly parturients, and compare with the complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes of parturients in the same period. Methods From July 2018 to October 2019, 310 elderly parturients who delivered in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Putuo District People's Hospital of Zhoushan City were selected as the observation group, and 310 suitable age parturients who delivered in our hospital at the same period were selected as control group. The delivery mode, complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes of the two groups were compared. Results The cesarean section rate in the delivery mode of the observation group(20.00%) was significantly higher than that of the control group(6.45%), P<0.05. The adopted natural delivery was 54.19% and 65.16% in the observation group and the control group, the painless delivery was 25.81% and 28.39%. The incidence rate of complications of preeclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, placenta previa and hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy in the observation group was significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05), and the most typical one was preeclampsia. The incidence rates of the observation group and the control group were 19.03% and 5.16%, respectively, with significant difference(χ2=9.047, P=0.003). The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes of macrosomia, low birth weight infants and neonatal asphyxia in the observation group was significantly higher than those in the control group(all P<0.05). Conclusion Elderly parturients are more prone to complications such as preeclampsia, postpartum hemorrhage, placenta previa and hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy. Newborns often suffer from macrosomia and low body weight. Painless delivery or cesarean section is usually selected for delivery methods. Therefore, perinatal health care should be done for elderly parturients to reduce the incidence of complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes as much as possible to ensure the safety of mothers and infants.