伦敦塔任务下精神分裂症执行功能与精神症状的关系

目的:采用伦敦塔测验(TOL)了解精神分裂症患者的执行功能,并探讨其与精神症状的可能关系。方法:使用TOL测验分别对精神分裂症患者和健康对照各40例进行测试,用阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评估患者的精神症状。结果:①精神分裂症患者组TOL测验1步、2步、3步及4步任务的正确答题数目较正常组少(P<0.05);反应时间均较正常组长(P<0.05);②患者TOL测验中的1步、2步、3步及4步任务的反应时间与PAN-SS量表中阴性症状因子和认知缺损因子得分呈正相关关系(P<0.05);3步及4步任务的正确答题数与PANSS量表中阴性症状因子和认知缺损因子得分呈负相关关系(P<0.05);总的正确答题数与PANSS量表中认知缺损因子得分呈负相关关系(P<0.05)。结论:精神分裂症患者执行功能受损,且与阴性症状和认知缺损存在相关性。对精神分裂症患者执行功能的评定应选择难易程度适当的测量工具。

Executive Function and Its Relationship with Psychiatric Symptoms in Schizophrenia in the Tower of London Test

Objective: To investigate the executive function in schizophrenia and its relationship with psychiatric symptoms using the Tower of London(TOL) test.Methods: Forty schizophrenic patients and 40 matched normal controls were tested by TOL.Results: The numbers of the correct answers during the TOL test in 1-4 moves were significantly lower than that of the control group.The response times of all levels were significantly longer than that of the control group.The response times of 1-4 levels in the schizophrenia patients were positively correlated with the scores of the negatively component and the cognitive component of PANSS(P<0.05).Three and four levels were negatively correlated with the scores of the negatively component and the cognitive component(P<0.05).The total numbers of the correct answer were negative correlated with the scores of cognitive component(P<0.05).Conclusion: The executive function of schizophrenia is impaired and significantly correlated with the dimension of the negative symptoms and the cognitive defection.The appropriate difficulty of tests should be selected for the evaluation of executive function of schizophrenia.