在校女大学生脂肪和肌肉对仰卧起坐能力的影响

目的 探讨在校女大学生肌肉及脂肪分布规律对仰卧起坐能力的影响。 方法 随机抽取广西某高校非体育专业女大学生1560名，用生物电阻抗体成分仪测量躯体肌肉及脂肪等成分。按《国家学生体质健康标准》进行身高、体重及仰卧起坐测试。将仰卧起坐分数分成4组：<60分、60～69分、70～79分、≥80分。运用SPSS 22.0统计学软件分析数据。 结果 不同仰卧起坐分数段的女大学生体脂率、总脂肪量、躯干脂肪量、躯干脂肪率、内脏脂肪面积、内脏脂肪量、皮下脂肪量差异有统计学意义（F分别为3.414、2.914、2.881、3.347、3.064、3.235、2.766，均 P<0.05），即60~69分组最高，≥80分组最低。而各分数段的总肌肉量、躯干肌肉量差异无统计学意义。矫正年龄、身高及体重因素后，除内脏脂肪面积及内脏脂肪量外，其余脂肪参数与仰卧起坐分数的相关性有统计学意义，成负相关关系(r<0， P<0.05)。全身肌肉量、躯干肌肉量与仰卧起坐分数成正相关关系，有统计学意义(r>0，P<0.05)，且与其他参数相比，躯干肌肉量与仰卧起坐相关系数最大。 结论 脂肪与肌肉的分布对仰卧起坐能力影响有差异，女大学生仰卧起坐能力受皮下脂肪及躯干肌肉影响较大，而与内脏脂肪无关。

Influence of fat and muscle on sit-ups in female college students

Objective To explore the influence of muscle and fat distribution on sit-up ability of female college students. Methods A total of 1560 female students majoring in non-physical education in a Guangxi University were randomly selected. Body composition was measured by the bioresistance antibody component meter. According to the National Physical Health Test Standard, the height, weight and sit-ups of female college students were measured. The students were divided into four groups according to the score of sit-ups:<60 points,60-69 points,70-79 points, ≥80 points. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data. Results There were statistically significant differences in body fat rate, total fat mass, trunk fat mass, trunk fat rate, visceral fat area, visceral fat mass and subcutaneous fat mass in different sit-ups (F value were 3.414, 2.914, 2.881, 3.347, 3.064, 3.235, 2.766, P<0.05). That was, the fat parameters in the 60-69 group were the highest and ≥80 the lowest. However, there was no significant difference between total muscle mass and trunk muscle mass in each score segment. After correcting for age, height, and weight factors, except for visceral fat area and visceral fat mass, the correlation between other fat parameters and sit-up score were negatively correlated, which were statistically significant (r<0, P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between each muscle parameter and sit-up performance (r>0, P<0.05). Compared with other parameters, the correlation coefficient between trunk muscle mass and sit-ups was the largest. Conclusion The distribution of fat and muscle has different effects on sit-up ability. Female college students’sit-up ability is greatly affected by subcutaneous fat and trunk muscle, and has nothing to do with visceral fat.