马来酸麦角新碱联合缩宫素预防宫缩乏力性产后出血的疗效观察

目的 观察马来酸麦角新碱注射液联合缩宫素注射液预防宫缩乏力性产后出血的临床疗效。方法 选取2019年1月-2019年3月就诊于湘乡市人民医院分娩的产妇586例作为研究对象，按照用药情况分为观察组（295例）和对照组（291例）。对照组在胎儿娩出后使用缩宫素注射液，阴道分娩产妇肌肉注射10 IU，剖宫产宫体注射20 IU后；另取缩宫素10 IU加入500 mL葡萄糖溶液中缓慢静滴。观察组在对照组用药基础上使用马来酸麦角新碱注射液，即胎儿娩出后，阴道分娩产妇肌肉注射10 IU缩宫素和0.2 mg麦角新碱，剖宫产宫体注射20 IU缩宫素和0.2 mg麦角新碱后；另取缩宫素10 IU加入500 mL葡萄糖溶液缓慢静滴。观察两组患者产后2 h、24 h出血量及产后出血发生率，比较两组额外止血措施的使用情况及不良反应。结果 治疗后，对照组产后出血发生率为13.4%，观察组为2.7%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，观察组产后2 h、产后24 h出血量均明显少于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗后，观察组额外使用宫缩剂的比例为8.5%，显著低于对照组的19.2%，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。治疗期间，观察组恶心的发生率为18.0%，高于对照组的13.1%，两组比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 马来酸麦角新碱联合缩宫素对于预防宫缩乏力性产后出血效果显著，且安全性良好。

Observation of the efficacy of ergometrine maleate combined with oxytocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine atony

Objective To observe the clinical effect of Ergometrine Maleate Injection combined with Oxytocin Injection on the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage caused by uterine atony. Methods A total of 586 cases of puerpera in the Xiangxiang People''s Hospital from January 2019 to March 2019 were selected as the research object, and were divided into observation group (295 cases) and control group (291 cases) according to the medication situation. Puerpera in the control group were given Oxytocin Injection after the delivery, 10 IU was intramuscularly injected to the parturient of vagina delivery, and 20 IU was injected to the cesarean section body; and 10 IU of Oxytocin Injection was added to 500 mL glucose solution for slow intravenous drip. Puerpera in the observation group were treated with Ergometrine Maleate Injection on the basis of the control group, after the delivery, 10 IU Oxytocin Injection and 0.2 mg Ergometrine Maleate Injection were intramuscularly injected to the parturient of vagina delivery, 20 IU Oxytocin Injection and 0.2 mg Ergometrine Maleate Injection were injected to the cesarean section body; and 10 IU of Oxytocin Injection was added to 500 mL glucose solution for slow intravenous drip. The amount of bleeding and the incidence of postpartum bleeding were observed at 2 and 24 h after delivery, and the use of additional hemostasis measures and adverse reactions were compared between two groups. Results After treatment, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was 13.4% in the control group, and 2.7% in the observation group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the amount of bleeding in the observation group was significantly less than that in the control group (P<0.05). After the treatment, the proportion of extra use of uterine contractions in the observation group was 8.5%, significantly lower than 19.2% in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). During the treatment, the incidence of nausea in the observation group was 18.0%, which was higher than 13.1% in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Ergometrine Maleate Injection combined with Oxytocin Injection is effective and safe in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage due to uterine atony.