胸椎椎基静脉孔的CT影像学观测

目的　通过对胸椎椎基静脉孔（BF）的数字化观测，明确其解剖位置、形态特点，为临床应用提供参考依据。 方法　 40例成人胸椎CT扫描数据，运用Mimics15.0软件重建测量BF宽(BFW)、高(BFH)、深(BFD)；BF距椎体上、下终板（VHU、VHB）和左、右缘（VWL、VWR）间距；观察其在椎体中的位置与形态。 结果　（1）胸椎BFW总体呈V形分布，T6为最小值（3.69±1.29 mm）； BFH在T1~3趋于平稳，T4～6渐减，T7～11渐增；BFD在T1～3渐增，T3～10趋于平稳，T10～12渐减。（2）BF距上终板与下终板间距总体呈上升趋势，T1最小：VHU为（7.05±1.27） mm，VHB为（7.21±0.87） mm，T12最大：VHU为(11.00±1.10) mm，VHB为(11.37±1.48) mm；距左、右缘间距在T1～4渐减，T5～12渐增，T4最小:VWL为(10.50±1.40) mm，VWR为(10.81±1.66) mm，T12最大:VWL为(15.74±2.55)mm，VWR为(16.23±2.82)mm。 结论　胸椎椎体后壁近中央处均存在BF,其形态结构复杂且在不同个体、不同节段中均存在差异。BF在T1～8、T10、T11位于椎体后壁近中央，T9和T12稍偏向左侧。BF在T1～3、T10～12形似棱锥体形,而T4～9形似长方体形。

CT imaging observations of the basivertebral foramen for thoracic vertebrate

Objective　By digitizing the measurement of the basivertebral foramen for thoracic vertebrae to discuss the basivertebral foramen (BF) of thoracic spine (T1~12), including the anatomical location, the form and the differences between different vertebral bodies.　Methods　The 40 healthy adults underwent multi-slice CT thin-layer scan and sagittal CT reconstruction images, using Mimics 13.0 software measurement; the following indices were observed: BF wide (BFW), deep (BFD), high (BFH) in the absolute value; the distance of BF to the vertebral end plates and to the left and the right vertebral edges was measured; the location and shape of the vertebral foramen was observed.　Results　（1）BFW assumed an overall V-shaped distribution. The min was T6; BFH was steady in T1~3, gradually declining in T4~6, and gradually increasing in T7~11; BFD was graduallyincreasing in T1~3, steady T3~10 , and gradually decreasing in T10~12.（2）Vertebral body up(VHU) and vertebral body below(VHB) of BF are gradually increasing. The min was T1(VHU 7.05±1.27 mm,VHB 7.21±0.87 mm), the max was T12(VHU 11.00±1.10 mm,VHB 11.37±1.48 mm). Vertebral body left (VWL) and vertebral body right(VWR) were gradually decreasing in T1~4, gradually increasing in T5~12, the min was T4(VWL 10.50±1.40 mm,VWR 10.81±1.66 mm), the max was VWL in T12 (VWL 15.74±2.55 mm,VWR 16.23±2.82mm).　Conclusion　(1) There are many BF inequality of size existent in the middle of vertebral thoracic body; These construction are complex and have difference between each individual segments. (2)The shape of BF in sagittal and coronary sections are anomalism, triangle, rectangle and 11% visible osseous separation. (3)The BF in T1~8、T10、T11 adjoin the centre of vertebral body's posterior paries, and T9 and T12 have left deviation.