超声引导技术在外照射放疗中的应用进展

图像引导放疗技术是目前实现精准放疗的先进技术，目前常用的图像引导技术有锥形束CT、光学表面成像、超声等。锥形束CT因额外辐射、软组织分辨率低、缺乏实时监测等缺点而受到限制。光学表面成像只能获取体表信息，缺乏内部器官信息。超声无创、无辐射、软组织分辨率高，从二维超声发展至四维超声引导技术，其在测量靶区体积，实时监测靶区分次间和分次内运动等方面有独特的优势。本文就此技术发展及其在外照射放疗中的应用作简要综述。

Progress in application of ultrasound-based image-guided technology in external beam radiotherapy

Abstract: Image-guided radiotherapy is an advanced technique to achieve precise radiotherapy. At present, the commonly-used image-guided techniques include cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), optical surface imaging, ultrasound and so on. The application of CBCT is limited by extra radiation, poor soft tissue resolution and lack of real-time monitoring. Optical surface imaging can only acquire the information of body surface and lack internal organ information. Ultrasound has the advantages of noninvasive, no radiation and high soft tissue resolution. From two-dimensional ultrasound to four-dimensional ultrasound-guided technology, it has unique advantages in the measurement of the target volume and the real-time monitoring of inter-fractional and intra-fractional target movements. Herein the developments of ultrasound and its applications in external beam radiotherapy are summarized.