猪胆总管脱细胞基质构建组织工程胆管的生物力学评价

目的　用不同的脱细胞方法对猪胆总管进行处理，比较脱细胞前后的生物力学变化，筛选适宜的脱细胞方法，为组织工程胆管支架材料的应用提供理论依据。 方法　30例猪胆总管，随机分为5组，A组：对照组， B组：0.05 % 胰蛋白酶+核酸酶，C组：0.1 % SDS+核酸酶，D组：1.0 % Triton X-100+核酸酶，E组：1.0 % Triton X-100+0.1 % SDS +核酸酶。在Test Resources生物力学试验机上进行加载一卸载试验和极限抗张强度试验。计算出生物力学材料常数（α1、β1、α2、β2）、弹性模量、极限抗张强度和断裂伸长率等指标。 结果　Ｄ组、Ｅ组的生物力学材料常数（α1、β1、α2、β2）与A组的差异无统计学意义（F = 12.21, P = 0.06），Ｂ组、C组比A组、D组和Ｅ组的小（P < 0.01）；Ｄ组、Ｅ组的弹性模量比A组的稍增大，但差异不明显（P > 0.05），Ｂ组、C组比A组的小（P < 0.05）；Ｄ组、Ｅ组的UTS值和SOF值与A组差异不明显（P > 0.05）；B组、C组的UTS值明显小于A组（P < 0.05），SOF值明显大于A组（P < 0.05）。 结论 应用1.0 % Triton X-100+核酸酶和1.0 % Triton X-100+0.1 % SDS +核酸酶的脱细胞效果好，且不会影响猪胆总管的生物力学特性，是一种比较理想的猪胆总管脱细胞方法。

Biomechanical evaluation of decellularized porcine bile duct for the construction of bile duct by tissue engineering

Objective The porcine common bile ducts were treated with different acellular matrix, the biomechanical change of porcine common bile ducts before and after acellular matrix treatment were evaluated, and an appropriate acellular matrix was explored to provide theoretical basis for the application of bile duct scaffold materials for tissue engineering.　Methods　Thirty porcine common bile ducts were divided into 5 groups randomly, group A: control group, group B: 0.05% trypsin + nuclease, group C:0.1% SDS + nuclease, group D: 1.0% triton X-100 + nuclease, group E: 1.0% triton X-100 + 0.1% SDS + nuclease. The loading - unloading experiment and ultimate tensile strength experiment were performed using TestResources biomechanical tester. Indexes such as biomechanical material constant (α1, β1, α2, β2), elastic modulus, ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and breaking elongation rate were calculated.　Results　There were no statistical differences in the biomechanical material constants (α1, β1,α2, β2) of the common bile ducts between group A and two acellular matrix treatment groups D and E (F = 12.21, P = 0.06). The biomechanical material constants of group B and group D were lower than that of group A, group C and group E (P < 0.01). The elastic module of common bile ducts of the two acellular matrix treatment groups D and E were a little larger than that of group A, but without significant difference (P>0.05)，the levels of group B and group C were lower than that of group A (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in UTS value and SOF value between the acellular matrix treatment groups D, E, and group A (P > 0.05). The UTS value of acellular matrix treatment groups B and C was significantly lower than that of group A (P<0.05), and the SOF value was significantly higher than that of group A (P<0.05).　Conclusion　The acellular matrix treatment effect of 1.0% Triton X - 100 + nuclease and 1.0% Triton X - 100 + 0.1% SDS + nuclease was quite satisfactory, and the biomechanical characteristics of porcine common bile duct were not affected, therefore, it is an ideal acellular method for porcine common bile ducts.