临床细菌分布及耐药监测

目的 监测本地区临床细菌的分布及耐药性的变化。方法 常规法进行菌种鉴定,K—B纸片扩散法进行药物敏感试验,NCCLS推荐法进行ESBL检测。结果 金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、不动杆菌、大肠埃希氏菌、克雷伯氏菌、肠杆菌属细菌和肠球菌为主要分离菌；2000、2001和2002年MRSA分离率分别为66％、74％、78％，大肠埃希氏菌(产ESBLs)分别为25％、25％、41％，肺炎克雷伯氏菌(产ESBLs)分别为35％、40％、56％；细菌对某些抗菌药物的耐药性增加，铜绿假单胞菌对亚胺培南的耐药率2001年为15％．2002年为30％。结论 临床分离菌以条件致病菌为主，耐药菌株分离率及细菌对抗菌药物的耐药性逐年增加，应引起临床重视。

Surveillance of clinical bacterial distribution and resistance

Objective To monitor the change of bacterial distribution and resistance in local area. Methods Bacteria were identified with routine method. The susceptibility test was performed with Kirby-Bauer method. The bacteria producing ESBL was detected with confirmatory test. Results The most common bacteria of the clinical specimens were Staphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Acinetobacter spp, Escherichia coli,Klebsiella spp,Enterobacter spp and Enterococcus spp. In 2000,2001 and 2002,the rate of MRSA was 66%,74% and 78%;the rate of Escherichia coli (ESBL) was 25%,25% and 41%;while the rate of Klebsilla spp was 35%,40% and 56% respectively. The drug resistances to some antibiotics were increased. The resistant rate to imipenem against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 15% in 2001 and it was 30% in 2002. Conclusions The most bacteria isolated from clinical specimens were opportunistic pathogens. The drug resistant bacteria and the rate of drug resistance were increased year by year. The trend toward diminished efficacy of antibiotic therapy is worth to be mentioned.