局限性气胸的临床研究

目的研究局限性气胸的发作特点、诊治的有利措施。方法对我院1997年5月至2007年5月收治的21例局限性气胸患者进行基础疾病，病人临床症状，病灶分布，诊疗方法进行汇总分析。结果发生局限性自发性气胸的病人均有基础疾病，其中以重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）病人为主，占所有病人的85．7％。以普通X线拍胸片为主要初诊方法，胸部CT为最全面的诊断手段。治疗上吸氧保守法，胸穿抽气法，胸腔闭式引流法，以及胸腔闭式引流并胸膜固定术。结论局限性自发性气胸以重度COPD病人最常见。其诊断手段主要是临床医生一定要有该病情的意识，仔细查体，做胸部X线检查，必要时胸部CT检查。做到及早确诊，及早治疗，避免误诊和或漏诊，其治疗方法主要为胸腔闭式引流，胸穿抽气，胸膜固定术等。

Clinical research of localized pneumothorax

Objective To study the characteristics of the attack of localized pneumothorax, and its diagnosis and treatment Methods The data of underlying diseases, clinical symptoms, lesions distribution, diagnosis and treatment in 21 cases of localized pneumothorax treated in our hospital from May 1997 to May 2007 was retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Results Localized spontaneous pneumothorax occurred in patients with underlying diseases, mainly in patients with severe Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） （ accounting for 85.7% of all patients）. Ordinary chest X - ray film was the main method for the screening of the patients during their first hospital visit. Further chest CT was required for more accurate diagnosis. The treatments included oxygen inhalation, air suction with thoracentesis, closed thoracic drainage, as well as closed thoracic drainage and pleurodesis. Conclusion Localized spontaneous pneumothorax is common in patients with severe COPD. Chest X - ray examination and, if necessary, the chest CT examination are necessary for the diagnosis. The main treatments include air suction with thoracentesis, closed thoracic drainage, and pleurodesis.