肿瘤免疫微环境与治疗互作的机制研究进展

肿瘤免疫微环境在肿瘤的发生和发展过程中扮演着关键角色，并与治疗的长期有效性密切相关。值得注意的是，除了受微环境影响，治疗的同时也会反过来主动塑造微环境的构成。近年来，借助单细胞测序等新兴技术，各种治疗手段与免疫微环境之间的相互作用以及其对治疗效果的影响在多种肿瘤中得到揭示。本文综述了原发性肿瘤免疫微环境对肿瘤疗效的影响，介绍了不同治疗方式对微环境的重塑情况，并探讨了继发性免疫微环境与肿瘤相互作用的复杂调节机制对最终治疗结局的影响。厘清肿瘤免疫微环境与治疗互作的机制对治疗效果的监控和预测，以及更优化治疗方案的制定具有重要意义。

Research progress on the mechanisms of tumor immune microenvironment and therapeutic interactions

The tumor immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of tumors, and is closely related to the long-term effectiveness of treatments. Notably, while being influenced by the microenvironment, treatment can also actively reshape the composition of the microenvironment. In recent years, with the help of emerging technologies such as single-cell sequencing, the interactions between various therapeutic approaches and the immune microenvironment, as well as their impact on therapeutic efficacy, have been revealed in various tumors. This review summarizes the impact of primary tumor immune microenvironments on therapeutic efficacy, introduces the remodeling of microenvironment by different therapeutic approaches, and explores the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing secondary immune microenvironments'' interactions with tumors and their implications on treatment outcomes. Clarifying the mechanisms of interactions between the tumor immune microenvironment and treatments has profound implications for monitoring and predicting treatment outcomes, as well as for optimizing cancer therapy.