中药败酱草的形态组织学研究——Ⅲ.菊科苦苣菜属、莴苣属和苦荬菜属植物

本文报道我国北方使用的来源于菊科植物的中药败酱草的生药形态组织学的研究结果,它们是:苣荬菜Sonchus arvensis L.S.、苦苣菜oleraceus L.圆耳苦苣菜S.asper (L.)Hill.紫花山莴苣Lactuca tatarica(L.)C.A.Mey.、中华苦荬菜Ixeris ccinensis(Thunb.)Nakai、抱茎苦荬菜I.sonchifolia Hance和苦荬菜I.denticulata(Houtt.)Stebb..文中附有生药组织图7幅以及上述生药的性状检索表和显微特征检索表.

Morphological and histological studies of the Chinese drug Bai-jiang-cao. III. Drugs derived from genera Sonchus, Lactuca and Ixeris, family Compositae

A number of Compositousplants belonging to the genera Sonchus, Laetuca and Ixeris are used in Chinese medicine as Bai-jiang-cao in northern China. Among them, Sonchus arvensis L., called Bei-bai-jiang and included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 1977 edition under the name Herba Sonchi Arvensis, is most widely used.In this paper, the morphological and histological characters of the drugs derived from genera Sonchus, Lactuca, and Ixeris, viz. Sonchus arvensis L., S. oleraceus L., S. asper (L.) Hill., Lactuca tatariea (L.) C. A. Mey., Ixeris chinensis (Thunb.) Nakai, Ⅰ. sonchifolia Hance and Ⅰ. denticulata (Houtt.) Stebb., are described, compared, and illustrated with line drawings. The results showed that the medullary bundle, appearing in the stem-pith of the above drugs derived from genera Sonchus, Lactuca and Ixeris, is of great significance for the systematics of the respective genera in Compositae and for the identification of the related crude drugs. The microscopical similarities and differences found among the genera Ixeris, Sonchus and Lactuca, through the microscopical investigation of the seven Compositous plants are summarized. The formation of perimedullary sclerenchyma in the stems of the above species is discussed. Keys for morphological and microscopical identification of the above plant identification and for seven drugs derived from Compositae and Herba Thlaspi derived from Thlaspi arvensis (Cruciferae) are also given.