番禺地区909例荨麻疹慢性湿疹过敏原检测分析

目的探讨沿海地区荨麻疹、慢性湿疹患者过敏原分布情况．为预防过敏性疾病的发生提供依据。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验对广州番禺区909例荨麻疹、慢性湿疹患者进行过敏原检测。结果909例患者中．过敏原阳性率为99.3％（903／909）。其中食入组、吸入组阳性率分别为70.4％（640／909）、56．8％（516／909）；吸入性过敏原中尘螨组最高，为51．0％（263／516），食入组过敏原中虾组最高，为32．3％（207／640）；吸入、食入组只有1项（单一组）阳性者259例（28．5％），吸入、食入组1项以上（混合组）阳性者644例（70．8％），二者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。709例荨麻疹患者中过敏原阳性率99．9％（708／709），200例慢性湿疹患者中过敏原阳性率97．5％（195／200）。男性患者阳性率为99．1％（344／347），女性患者阳性率为99．5％（559／562），差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论沿海地区荨麻疹、慢性湿疹患者发病主要图食入鱼虾等海产品和吸入螨虫而引起，说明减少海产品的摄入及做好对螨虫的防治可降低两种疾病的发生。

Analysis of allergens detection on 909 cases of urticaria and chronic eczema in Panyu district

Objective To investigate the distribution of allergens of patients with chronic eczema and urticaria in costal areas to provide evidence for the prevention of allergic diseases. Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was adopted to detect allergens on 909 patients in Panyu district of Guangzhou. Results Among the 909 patients,the positive rate of allergens was 99.3% （903/909）. The positive rate was 70.4% （640/909） in the ingestion group and 56.8% （516/909） in the in- halation group respectively. The positive rate of inhalation allergens was highest in dust mite group with 50.9% （263/516）, and the positive rate of ingestion allergens was highest in shrimp group with 32.3%（207/640）. 259 cases showed single positive（single group） in the inhalation and ingestion group accounting for 28.5% ,while 644 eases showed more than one positive result（mixed group） ac- counting for 70.8%, and the difference between the two groups had statistical significance（P〈O.05 ）. The positive rate of allergens in the 709 patients with urticaria and 200 patients with chronic eczema was 99.9% （708/709） and 97.5% （195/200）respectively. The positive rate of the male patients and the female patients was 99.1%（344/347） and 99.5% （559/562）respectively without sta tistically significant difference （P〉O.05）. Conclusion In coastal areas, the chronic urticaria and eczema are mainly caused by eating seafood such as fish, shrimp and inhalation of mites, which demonstrates that decrement of ingestion of seafood and inhala- tion of mites can reduce the above two diseases.