梅州市5岁以下儿童健康状况分析

目的：掌握梅州市5岁以下儿童健康现状,为进一步改善学龄前儿童健康水平提供科学依据。方法：采用流行病学横断面调查方法,整群随机抽取本市区30所托幼机构的12 928名5岁以下儿童,采用世界卫生组织（WTO）推荐使用的参考标准,对儿童健康状况进行分析和评价。结果：5岁以下儿童中、重度营养不良患病率为3.77%,男女差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）;1岁以下婴儿营养不良患病率较低,1岁以后开始增高,组间差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;营养不良的类型以生长迟缓居多（44.56%）,其次是体重低下（40.04%）、消瘦（15.40%）;5岁以下儿童单纯性肥胖患病率为5.01%,男童检出率（5.53%）高于女童（4.45%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;5岁以下儿童贫血患病率为22.42%,男童贫血患病率（23.76%）高于女童（20.93%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：儿童健康状况值得关注,仍要加强儿童健康管理,加大科学宣传力度,培养儿童良好的生活习惯。

Health condition analysis of children under the age of five in Meizhou city

Objective: To master the health status of children under 5 years old in Meizhou city,and to provide the scientific basis for further improvement of pre-school children's health level.Methods: A cross-sectional epidemic investigation method was used and a cluster random sampling of 12 928 cases of children under 5 years old among 30 kindergartens in the urban area was collected.The health status of the children was analyzed and evaluated referring to the standards recommended by the World Health Organization...