膳食及营养因素对农村居民高血压患病影响的多因素分析

目的 :　探讨农村地区居民高血压的膳食影响因素 ,为高血压的膳食防治提供科学依据。方法 :　对河南南阳地区的 5 961名研究对象进行问卷调查和血压测量 ,采用 SPSS9.0软件分别从食物和营养素水平上进行多因素 Logistic回归分析。结果 :　进入 Logistic回归模型的食物因素中腌制蔬菜和油脂类食物是高血压的危险因素 ,新鲜水果和水产品摄入量多对高血压患病有保护作用 ;从营养素角度来看 ,总能量摄入是高血压患病的危险因素 ,抗氧化维生素 (视黄醇、维生素 E及维生素 C)、维生素 B1 、钙及钾与高血压患病明显负关联。结论 :　食物和营养素中高血压的保护因素和危险因素并存 ,合理膳食是防治高血压的重要措施之一。

EFFECTS OF DIETARY FACTORS ON HYPERTENSION IN RURAL INHABITANTS

Objective: To explore the effects of dietary factors on hypertension. Methods: Total 5 961 subjects(age≥40) from Nanyang, Henan Province were questioned and blood pressure was measured by trained investigators. The multiple Logistic regression model was used in the analysis. Results: At the food level, the consumption of sodium, fat rich food, pickled vegetables and oils were risk factors of hypertension; fishes and fruits had protective effect on hypertension. As for nutrients; energy intake was risk factor of hypertension, while calcium, potassium, vitamin B 1 and antioxidant vitamins such as vitamin C, vitamin E and retinol had protective effect on hypertension. Conclusion: The protective and risk factors of hypertension were coexistent in diet. Rational dietary pattern should be one of the major measures in preventing hypertension.